[125000340010] |<title>Install KDE Desktop in Ubuntu</title>
[125000340020] |<strong>KDE</strong> is a powerful graphical desktop environment for Unix workstations.
[125000340030] |It combines ease of use, contemporary functionality and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Unix operating system.
[125000340040] |KDE is a completely new desktop, incorporating a large suite of applications for Unix workstations.
[125000340050] |While KDE includes a window manager, file manager, panel, control center and many other components that one would expect to be part of a contemporary desktop environment, the true strength of this exceptional environment lies in the interoperability of its components.
[125000340060] |By default Ubuntu desktop installation will install gnome desktop enviroment and if you want to install KDE desktop enviroment you have three options.Those options are
[125000340070] |kubuntu-desktop -This is the recommended metapackage to install; the full Kubuntu installation, with all the Kubuntu recommended packages.
[125000340080] |This includes OpenOffice, Kontact, Konversation, amaroK, K3B, and others.
[125000340090] |kde -This will install the following KDE packages: kde-amusements, kdeaccessibility, kdeaddons, kdeadmin, kdeartwork, kdegraphics, kdemultimedia, kdenetwork, kdepim, kdesdk, kdeutils, kdewebdev, kdevelop3 and the kde-core metapackage
[125000340100] |kde-core -This will install the core -- the bare-minimum required-- of KDE.
[125000340110] |That is, kdebase, kdelibs, arts and fontconfig.
[125000340120] |If you choose to not install kubuntu-desktop, then you can still get all the Kubuntu-specific tweaks by installing the kubuntu-default-settings package.
[125000340130] |First thing you need to make sure you have universe source list under /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125000340140] |If you want to install kubuntu-desktop use the following command
[125000340150] |sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
[125000340160] |This will starts installing all the required packages During this installation process, you will be asked whether you want to use KDM or GDM as your default display manager.
[125000340170] |If you think you’ll use KDE , make KDM your default.
[125000340180] |If you think you’ll use Gnome , keep GDM as your default.Select which one is best for you.
[125000340190] |<img/>This will complete the installation now you need to logout from ubuntu gnome session and now you are on ubuntu login screen in this you need to select options---> selectsession
[125000340200] |<img/>You should see the following screen with gnome and kde options you have select kde and click on change session
[125000340210] |<img/>Now it will disply the following screen in this you want to change to KDE just for this session or if you want to make KDE your default desktop environment.
[125000340220] |<img/>Once you select the above option it will start loading KDE session you can see this in the following screen
[125000340230] |<img/>Once it loads complete KDE session here is the KDE desktop for your ubuntu.
[125000340240] |<img/>Nice KDE Desktop
[125000340250] |<img/>If you want to switch back to Gnome, just log out and select Gnome from the session menu.
[125000340260] |If you want to install only KDE use the following command
[125000340270] |sudo apt-get install kde
[125000340280] |If you want to install only kde-core use the following command
[125000340290] |sudo apt-get install kde-core
[125000340300] |<strong>Uninstall KDE in ubuntu</strong>
[125000340310] |If you want to uninstall KDE session use the following command
[125000340320] |sudo apt-get remove kubuntu-desktop
[125000350010] |<title>Mount and Unmout ISO images without burning them</title>
[125000350020] |Some times you want to use iSO images without burning them.If you don’t want to waste your CD’s/DVD’s here is the simple possible solutions using these tips you can mount and unmount ISO images without burning them.
[125000350030] |I know two possible solutions
[125000350040] |1) Using Nautilus Scripts
[125000350050] |2) Using kernel loop module
[125000350060] |Now we will see each one in detailed
[125000350070] |<strong>Using Nautilus Scripts</strong>
[125000350080] |I am taking this tip from <a>here</a> first you need to download two scripts for mount iso images download from <a>here</a> for unmount iso images download from <a>here</a>
[125000350090] |Once you have these two scripts you need to change the permissions using the following commands
[125000350100] |sudo chmod +x /home/username/mount.sh
[125000350110] |sudo chmod +x /home/username/unmount.sh
[125000350120] |Now you need to copy them nautilus scripts
[125000350130] |sudo mv /home/username/mount.sh ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/
[125000350140] |sudo mv /home/username/unmount.sh ~/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/
[125000350150] |That’s it now you are ready for mounting and unmounting your ISO images.
[125000350160] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000350170] |<strong>Mount ISO Image</strong>
[125000350180] |Now i have one ISO image if you want to mount you need to right click and select scripts ---> mount-iso
[125000350190] |Now it will prompt for root password and click ok
[125000350200] |You can see the Mounter notification like the following
[125000350210] |Here is the Successfully mounted message if you want to open this one click ok
[125000350220] |This shows you available contents in mounted ISO image
[125000350230] |<strong>Unmount ISO Image</strong>
[125000350240] |Now i have one ISO image if you want to mount you need to right click and select scripts--->unmount-iso
[125000350250] |Here is the Successfully Unmounted message
[125000350260] |<strong>Using loop Kernel Module</strong>
[125000350270] |First you need to make the directory to put the ISO into using the following command
[125000350280] |sudo mkdir /media/isoimage
[125000350290] |Now you need to add the loop module to your kernel.
[125000350300] |What kernel loop module does?
[125000350310] |I want to give brief introduction to kernel loop module.Using the module loop it is possible to mount a filesystem file. squashfs is a “loop” with (de)compression (Compressed Loopback Device) and it is possible to mount a compressed filesystem like a block device and seamlessly decompress its data while accessing it.
[125000350320] |Use the following command to load loop module
[125000350330] |sudo modprobe loop
[125000350340] |<strong>Mount ISO Image</strong>
[125000350350] |If you want to mount you need to use the following command
[125000350360] |sudo mount debianetch.iso /media/isoimage/ -t iso9660 -o loop
[125000350370] |In the above command you can replace debianetch.iso to your own iso image.
[125000350380] |Now you should have your iso file mounted, and accessible from your desktop.
[125000350390] |<strong>Unmount ISO Image</strong>
[125000350400] |Unmount ISO Image Using the following command
[125000350410] |sudo umount /media/isoimage
[125000360010] |<title>Package Installation error and solution</title>
[125000360020] |Some times you might see the following error message when you try to install any package using apt-get or synaptic E: The package webmin needs to be reinstalled, but I can’t find an archive for it.
[125000360030] |E: The package mfc8500lpr needs to be reinstalled, but I can’t find an archive for it.
[125000360040] |This error might be with any package in the above examples webmin and mfc8500lpr packages this error mostly occour when you try to install a debian package in to ubuntu system
[125000360050] |<strong>Error</strong>
[125000360060] |E: The package <strong>package name</strong> needs to be reinstalled, but I can’t find an archive for it.
[125000360070] |Package name in the above error could be any package
[125000360080] |<strong>Solution </strong>
[125000360090] |Run the following command
[125000360100] |For webmin Pakage
[125000360110] |<code>dpkg --remove --force-remove-reinstreq webmin</code>
[125000360120] |You can replace webmin to any of your package name which is giving the error
[125000370010] |<title>Webmin Installation and Configuration in Ubuntu Linux</title>
[125000370020] |Webmin is a web-based interface for system administration for Unix.
[125000370030] |Using any browser that supports tables and forms (and Java for the File Manager module), you can setup user accounts, Apache, DNS, file sharing and so on.
[125000370040] |Webmin consists of a simple web server, and a number of CGI programs which directly update system files like /etc/inetd.conf and /etc/passwd.
[125000370050] |The web server and all CGI programs are written in Perl version 5, and use no non-standard Perl modules.
[125000370060] |<strong>Installing Webmin in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000370070] |You can use the above procedure but if you want to install latest version you can download from webmin site<a> download section</a>
[125000370080] |<strong>Prerequisites </strong>
[125000370090] |Perl 5 interpreter and libnet-ssleay-perl
[125000370100] |sudo apt-get install perl5 libnet-ssleay-perl
[125000370110] |Now you need to download the latest webmin from the above downloadlink
[125000370120] |Download ‘webmin-1.310.tar.gz’ (at the time of writing) to some location in your machine ex:- /usr/local/src
[125000370130] |wget http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/webadmin/webmin-1.310.tar.gz
[125000370140] |cd /usr/local/src
[125000370150] |sudo tar xzvf webmin-1.310.tar.gz
[125000370160] |cd webmin-1.310
[125000370170] |sudo sh setup.sh
[125000370180] |This will start the installation and now it will prompt for several questions answer them as follows
[125000370190] |Config file directory [/etc/webmin]: Leave as default, or change as you wish
[125000370200] |Log file directory [/var/webmin]: Leave as default, or change as you wish
[125000370210] |Full path to perl (default /usr/bin/perl): Leave as default, or change as you wish
[125000370220] |Operating system: Enter ’6′
[125000370230] |Version: Enter ’6′
[125000370240] |Web server port (default 10000):
[125000370250] |This is where you can start to make webmin more secure then the standard install you get with apt-get, Synaptic, or RPM.
[125000370260] |Leave as default or change it to what ever port you want.
[125000370270] |Login name (default admin):
[125000370280] |It is ‘admin’, so you can leave it as that, or put in any name that you like.
[125000370290] |Login password:
[125000370300] |By creating the user above and giving it a password, you have now made it so you will not need to log into webmin with root.
[125000370310] |Password again:
[125000370320] |enter your password again
[125000370330] |If you did not install ‘libnet-ssleay-perl’ you will get the following message:
[125000370340] |‘The Perl SSLeay library is not installed.
[125000370350] |SSL not available.’
[125000370360] |You can continue with the install, but it would be more secure if you install sslrelay.
[125000370370] |Use SSL (y/n):y
[125000370380] |Choose yes here
[125000370390] |Start Webmin at boot time (y/n):y
[125000370400] |select here y
[125000370410] |At this point it is going to configure things, install things, and create things…
[125000370420] |It will then tell you that you can log in to https://hostipaddress:10000 and to accept the certificate.
[125000370430] |<strong>Webmin User Password Change</strong>
[125000370440] |If you want to change root password in webmin use this included Perl script:
[125000370450] |sudo /usr/share/webmin/changepass.pl /etc/webmin root
[125000370460] |If you want to install any standard modules you can download from <a>here</a>
[125000370470] |If you want to install third party modules you can download from <a>here</a>
[125000380010] |<title>Setting Up a Telnet Server in Ubuntu</title>
[125000380020] |A terminal emulation program for TCP/IP networks such as the Internet.
[125000380030] |The Telnet program runs on your computer and connects your PC to a server on the network.
[125000380040] |You can then enter commands through the Telnet program and they will be executed as if you were entering them directly on the server console.
[125000380050] |This enables you to control the server and communicate with other servers on the network.
[125000380060] |To start a Telnet session, you must log in to a server by entering a valid username and password.
[125000380070] |Telnet is a common way to remotely control Web servers.
[125000380080] |<strong>Install Telnet Server in Ubuntu </strong>
[125000380090] |You will find the Telnet server installation packages in Synaptic under the telnetd package.If you want to install telnet server package you can also use the following command
[125000380100] |sudo apt-get install telnetd
[125000380110] |This will complete the installation.Now you Restart inetd service using the following command
[125000380120] |sudo /etc/init.d/inetd restart
[125000380130] |Once installed, select Administration, Services and enable Telnet
[125000380140] |you can now fire up your other Linux box and type telnet .
[125000380150] |You are prompted to enter your username and password.
[125000380160] |The whole conversation should look like this
[125000380170] |telnet 192.168.0.1 Trying 192.168.0.1… Connected to 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) Escape character is ‘^]’.
[125000380180] |Welcome to telnetserver Running Ubuntu LAMP server
[125000380190] |* All access is logged *
[125000380200] |login: admin12 Password: Last login: Sat Dec 25 1:05:1 from 192.168.0.1 [admin12@telnetserver ~]$
[125000380210] |If you are using windows machine you can download telnet clients if you like like putty and teraterm to connect.
[125000380220] |Note that the server responds with Welcome to telnetserver, running Ubuntu LAMP server, which is a customized message.
[125000380230] |Your machine will probably respond with Ubuntu and some version information.
[125000380240] |This is insecure: giving away version numbers is never a smart move.
[125000380250] |In fact, even saying Ubuntu is questionable.
[125000380260] |Edit the issue and issue.net files in your /etc directory to change these messages.
[125000380270] |Running the w command now shows you as connecting from the external IP address.
[125000380280] |Telnet is fast but also insecure.
[125000380290] |It sends all your text, including your password, in plain text that can be read by anyone with the right tools.
[125000380300] |SSH, on the other hand, encrypts all your communication and so is more resource-intensive but secureeven a government security agency sniffing your packets for some reason would still have a hard time cracking the encryption.If you are looking for SSH server configuration in ubuntu check <a>here</a>
[125000390010] |<title>Install AVG Antivirus in Ubuntu Desktop</title>
[125000390020] |AVG Free Edition is the well-known antivirus protection tool.
[125000390030] |AVG Free is available free of charge to home users for the life of the product.
[125000390040] |Rapid virus database updates are available for the lifetime of the product, thereby providing the high level of detection capability that millions of users around the world trust to protect their computers.
[125000390050] |AVG Free is easy to use and will not slow your system down (low system resource requirements).
[125000390060] |Highlights include automatic update functionality, the AVG Resident Shield, which provides real-time protection as files are opened and programs are run, free Virus Database Updates for the lifetime of the product, and AVG Virus Vault for safe handling of infected files.
[125000390070] |Now are going see how to install AVG Antivirus in Ubuntu presently avg antivirus is having only .rpm files to install we need to convert this .rpm files to .deb files to install avg in ubuntu for this we are using a program called alien.We have already discussed about this you can check here
[125000390080] |You can download avg antivirus from <a>here</a>
[125000390090] |<strong>Install AVG Antivirus in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000390100] |Download the latest version of AVG from the above link to your /usr/local/src/ directory
[125000390110] |wget http://free.grisoft.com/softw/70free/setup/avg71flm-r30-a0791.i386.rpm
[125000390120] |sudo rpm -qip --scripts avg71flm-r30-a0791.i386.rpm
[125000390130] |Now you need to find the License Number looks like the following
[125000390140] |/usr/bin/avgscan -register 70FREE-TX-IB-P1-C01-S139FC-327-9FPB (This number migh vary for you)
[125000390150] |As i told you before we will convert .rpm file to .deb file using the following command
[125000390160] |sudo alien -k avg71flm-r30-a0791.i386.rpm
[125000390170] |Installing debian package using the following command
[125000390180] |sudo dpkg -i avg71flm_r30_i386.deb
[125000390190] |Now you need to Register your copy of AVG antivirus this time it will propt the following questions
[125000390200] |sudo /opt/grisoft/avggui/bin/avggui_update_licinfo.sh
[125000390210] |Please enter two additional registration information.
[125000390220] |What is your name: Ruchi What is the name of your company: Debianadmin
[125000390230] |sudo avgscan -register
[125000390240] |Now you need to enter your license number we have gathered before
[125000390250] |AVG7 Anti-Virus command line scanner Copyright (c) 2006 GRISOFT, s.r.o. Program version 7.1.30, engine 386 Virus Database: Version 268.11.1/421 2006-08-16 Enter license number: 70FREE-TX-IB-P1-C01-S139FC-327-9FPB
[125000390260] |Now we need create an AVG antivirus launcher in the application tab for users
[125000390270] |sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/avg.desktop
[125000390280] |enter the following lines Save and exit the file
[125000390290] |File:/usr/share/applications/avg.desktop [Desktop Entry] Name=AVG Antivirus Comment=Antivirus Exec=avggui &Icon=/opt/grisoft/avggui/prog/pixmaps/avgico_big.png Terminal=false Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
[125000390300] |For an AVG Antivirus update launcher
[125000390310] |sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/avgupdate.desktop
[125000390320] |enter the following lines Save and exit the file
[125000390330] |File:/usr/share/applications/avg.desktop [Desktop Entry] Name=AVG Updater Comment=Antivirus Exec=sudo /opt/grisoft/avg7/bin/avgupdate -o Icon=/opt/grisoft/avggui/prog/pixmaps/avgupdateico.png Terminal=true Type=Application Categories=Application;System;
[125000390340] |Once you create application menu you need to open AVG antivirus from Applications--->Internet--->AVG Antivirus you can see this here
[125000390350] |Once you open AVG Antivirus first time you can see this in the following screen and click ok on license window
[125000390360] |AVG Antivirus main windows looks like below here you can select test,test results and update options
[125000390370] |Now if you want to update virus database online click on update in the above screen you can see the antivirus updates are in progress and update finished successfully. <img/>
[125000390380] |If you want to run Virus Scan you need to click on test and you hould see the following screen
[125000390390] |Virus scanning in running
[125000390400] |<strong>Howto Perform AVG updates without the need for (gk)sudo </strong>
[125000390410] |Recently I’ve notice a number of people apparently having trouble with updating the AVG virus scanner.
[125000390420] |perform the following steps:
[125000390430] |Add your username to the avg user group log off log on
[125000400010] |<title>Linux or ubuntu Directory structure</title>
[125000400020] |In the Linux operating system, all filesystems are contained within one directory hierarchy.
[125000400030] |The root directory is the top level directory, and all its subdirectories make up the directory hierarchy.
[125000400040] |This differs to other operating systems such as MS-Windows which applies a separate hierarchy for each device and partition.
[125000400050] |<li>/bin - binary applications (most of your executable files)</li> 
[125000400060] |<li>/boot - files required to boot (such as the kernel, etc)</li> 
[125000400070] |<li>/dev - your devices (everything from drives to displays)</li> 
[125000400080] |<li>/etc - just about every configuration file for your system</li> 
[125000400090] |<li>/etc/profile.d - contains scripts that are run by /etc/profile upon login.</li> 
[125000400100] |<li>/etc/rc.d - contains a number of shell scripts that are run on bootup at different run levels.
[125000400110] |There is also typically an rc.inet1 script to set up networking (in Slackwar), an rc.modules script to load modular device drivers, and an rc.local script that can be edited to run commands desired by the administrator, along the lines of autoexec.bat in DOS.</li> 
[125000400120] |<li>/etc/rc.d/init.d - contains most of the initialization scripts themselves on an rpm-based system.</li> 
[125000400130] |<li>/etc/rc.d/rc*.d - where “*” is a number corresponding to the default run level.
[125000400140] |Contains files for services to be started and stopped at that run level.
[125000400150] |On rpm-based systems, these files are symbolic links to the initialization scripts themselves, which are in /etc/rc.d/init.d.</li> 
[125000400160] |<li>/etc/skel - directory containing several example or skeleton initialization shells.
[125000400170] |Often contains subdirectories and files used to populate a new user’s home directory.</li> 
[125000400180] |<li>/etc/X11 - configuration files for the X Window system</li> 
[125000400190] |<li>/home - locally stored user files and folders</li> 
[125000400200] |<li>/lib - system libraries (similar to Program Files)</li> 
[125000400210] |<li>/lost+found - lost and found for lost files</li> 
[125000400220] |<li>/media - mounted (or loaded) devices such as cdroms, digital cameras, etc.</li> 
[125000400230] |<li>/mnt - mounted file systems</li> 
[125000400240] |<li>/opt - location for “optionally” installed programs</li> 
[125000400250] |<li>/proc - dynamic directory including information about and listing of processes</li> 
[125000400260] |<li>/root - “home” folder for the root user</li> 
[125000400270] |<li>/sbin - system-only binaries (see /bin)</li> 
[125000400280] |<li>/sys - contains information about the system</li> 
[125000400290] |<li>/tmp - temporary files</li> 
[125000400300] |<li>/usr - applications mainly for regular users</li> 
[125000400310] |<li>/var - mainly logs, databases, etc.</li> 
[125000400320] |<li>/usr/local/bin - the place to put your own programs.
[125000400330] |They will not be overwritten with upgrades.</li> 
[125000400340] |<li>/usr/share/doc - documentation.</li> 
[125000410010] |<title>Bash Shell Keyboard Shortcuts ( Default Command Shell for Ubuntu)</title>
[125000410020] |The default shell on most Linux operating systems is called Bash.
[125000410030] |There are a couple of important hotkeys that you should get familiar with if you plan to spend a lot of time at the command line.
[125000410040] |These shortcuts will save you a ton of time if you learn them.
[125000410050] |<li>Ctrl + A Go to the beginning of the line you are currently typing on</li> 
[125000410060] |<li>Ctrl + E Go to the end of the line you are currently typing on</li> 
[125000410070] |<li>Ctrl + L Clears the Screen, similar to the clear command</li> 
[125000410080] |<li>Ctrl + U Clears the line before the cursor position.
[125000410090] |If you are at the end of the line, clears the entire line.</li> 
[125000410100] |<li>Ctrl + H Same as backspace</li> 
[125000410110] |<li>Ctrl + R Let’s you search through previously used commands</li> 
[125000410120] |<li>Ctrl + C Kill whatever you are running</li> 
[125000410130] |<li>Ctrl + D Exit the current shell</li> 
[125000410140] |<li>Ctrl + Z Puts whatever you are running into a suspended background process. fg restores it.</li> 
[125000410150] |<li>Ctrl + W Delete the word before the cursor</li> 
[125000410160] |<li>Ctrl + K Clear the line after the cursor</li> 
[125000410170] |<li>Ctrl + T Swap the last two characters before the cursor</li> 
[125000410180] |<li>Esc + T Swap the last two words before the cursor</li> 
[125000410190] |<li>Alt + F Move cursor forward one word on the current line</li> 
[125000410200] |<li>Alt + B Move cursor backward one word on the current line</li> 
[125000410210] |<li>Tab Auto-complete files and folder names</li> 
[125000410220] |<li>Ctrl + W erase word before cursor</li> 
[125000410230] |<li>Ctrl + Y to paste it (as in delete and copy) all text in front of the cursor</li> 
[125000410240] |Useful Note that some of these commands may not work if you are accessing bash through a telnet ,ssh session, or depending on how you have your keys mapped.
[125000420010] |<title>Ubuntu Multimedia Center - Ubuntu based Linux distribution with Multimedia Support</title>
[125000420020] |Ubuntu Multimedia Center is a complete Linux-based operating system, freely available with community and professional support.It is also a live cd that is ubuntu derived and also free.
[125000420030] |This system was inspired by the fact that ubuntu didn’t have much of a multimedia center.Because users would have to manually download the codecs for playing mp3′s and what not.The mail objective of this project is multimedia related programs available to users as easy as possible.
[125000420040] |Ubuntu Multimedia center Installation
[125000420050] |First you need to download Ubuntu Multimedia version from <a>here</a> after that you create a CD and start booting with the CD Once it starts booting you should see the following screen in this you need to select second option “Install to the Hard disk Option” and press enter
[125000420060] |Now you can see Ubuntu Multimedia center starts booting
[125000420070] |Once it comple loading you can see the desktop with the following screen here you need to click on install to start the installation.
[125000420080] |Here you need to select your installation language and click on forward.
[125000420090] |Select a city in your country and time zone.In this example i am using london city and uk as country and click on forward.
[125000420100] |Select your keyboad layout and in this example i am using British English and click on forward
[125000420110] |You need to enter username,password and computer name here and click on forward
[125000420120] |It will start the partitioner here you need to select how do you want to partition the disk and select which option is suitable for you in this example i am selecting “manually edit partition table” and click on forward
[125000420130] |Now you can See the following screen with the disks available in your machine here you need to create partitions for this you need to select the available free space and in this example you can see the 8GB of space for this installation here i am going create a partitions for this right click and click on new.
[125000420140] |Once you select new you should see the following screen asking for creating disklable and by default gparted will create msdos disklabel and click on create
[125000420150] |Confirm msdos label on disk here by clicking on create
[125000420160] |Once you create the lable on the disk your disk is ready for creating partitions you can do this by clicking on new
[125000420170] |Once you click on New you can see the following screen here you can select new size,partition type and click on add.Inthis example i am entering size as 100 mb and partition type as ext3 and tick the check box next to round the cylinder option.
[125000420180] |In the same way i have entered remaining available space and click on add
[125000420190] |Here you can see the two created partitions and click on forward
[125000420200] |Confirm the pending operations by clicking on apply
[125000420210] |Applying pending operations in progress
[125000420220] |Here you need to create a mount points by selecting mount point and partition and click on forward
[125000420230] |Here is the all the list of information for available for installation here you need to click on install to start the installation.
[125000420240] |Installation in progress and it shows the copying files percentage.
[125000420250] |Installation Completed Succesfully and you need to restart the system by clicking “Restart Now”
[125000420260] |Ubuntu Multimedia center Screenshots
[125000420270] |If you want to see some of the screenshots tour for ubuntu multi media center click <a>here</a>
[125000430010] |<title>Empty Ubuntu Gnome Trash from the Command Line</title>
[125000430020] |Ubuntu has a trash can/recycle bin feature similar to windows.
[125000430030] |The difference with Ubuntu is that you can empty the trash from the command line.
[125000430040] |First you need to open your terminal and type the following command
[125000430050] |rm -rf ~/.Trash/*
[125000440010] |<title>How to Reboot Your Ubuntu System only if all else fails</title>
[125000440020] |Staring at a crashed Gnome session, CTRL-ALT-BKSPC does nothing.
[125000440030] |ALT-CTRL-F1 won’t bring you to a terminal where you could cd to /etc/init.d and restart gdm.
[125000440040] |There’s two more options that you may not have known about
[125000440050] |Here are two ways to first try and kill just the process on your current terminal and if that fails, to bring your machine down in a more graceful manner than a hard shutdown.
[125000440060] |First, we’ll try and kill all the process on your current terminal.
[125000440070] |To do this, hold down the following keys -
[125000440080] |ALT + SysReq + k
[125000440090] |SysReq key means you need to Look for it on your PrtSc or Print Screen key.
[125000440100] |The k in this instance stands for Kill.
[125000440110] |You’ll now enter a series of keystrokes that will tell your computer to do some housekeeping before shutting down.
[125000440120] |ALT + SysReq + r
[125000440130] |This stands for Raw keyboard mode.
[125000440140] |ALT + SysReq + s
[125000440150] |This syncs the disk.
[125000440160] |ALT + SysReq + e
[125000440170] |This terminates all processes
[125000440180] |ALT + SysReq + i
[125000440190] |Kill’s all processes that weren’t terminated nicely.
[125000440200] |ALT + SysReq + u
[125000440210] |Remounts all filesystems as read only.
[125000440220] |ALT + SysReq + b
[125000450010] |<title>How to View Hidden Files and Folders in Ubuntu File Browser</title>
[125000450020] |The Ubuntu file browser does not show hidden files or folders by default, only the files that your user has access to.Here is the small tip how to view Hidden Files and Folders in Ubuntu File Browser.
[125000450030] |Here’s what file browser looks like when browsing the root file system normally
[125000450040] |As you can see, all of the hidden/system folders are not shown.
[125000450050] |If you hit Ctrl+H at this screen, you will immediately see all the hidden files.
[125000450060] |If you would just prefer to make this be the default setting when using file browser, go to the Edit menu and select Preferences
[125000450070] |Check the “Show hidden and backup files” checkbox, and you should now see the hidden files all of the time.
[125000460010] |<title>How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME</title>
[125000460020] |First you need to take backup of xorg.conf file using the following command
[125000460030] |sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
[125000460040] |Now you need to edit the file using the following command
[125000460050] |sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf
[125000460060] |Add the following lines at the end of file
[125000460070] |Section “ServerFlags”
[125000460080] |Option “DontZap” “yes”
[125000460090] |EndSection
[125000460100] |Save the edited file
[125000470010] |<title>How to switch to Console mode from GUI mode in GNOME</title>
[125000470020] |If you want to switch to Console mode from GUI mode in GNOME follow this simple steps
[125000470030] |To switch to Console mode
[125000470040] |Press ‘Ctrl + Alt + F1′ (F2 - F6)
[125000470050] |To switch between consoles in Console mode
[125000470060] |Press ‘Alt + F1′ (F2 - F6)
[125000470070] |To switch back to GNOME GUI mode
[125000470080] |Press ‘Alt + F7′
[125000480010] |<title>Install Sun Looking glass Desktop environment in Ubuntu</title>
[125000480020] |Sun Microsystems is contributing Project Looking Glass, based on Java™ technology, to the open source community.
[125000480030] |Project Looking Glass is an exploratory project to bring innovative 3D features to the desktop environment.
[125000480040] |The desktop interface will offer an intuitive, new 3D environment to interact with desktop applications featuring window transparency, rotation, zoom, multiple desktop workspaces, and miniaturization.
[125000480050] |Project Looking Glass offers a platform to realize a far richer and more entertaining user experience for existing and new applications in 2D or 3D.
[125000480060] |The technology enables developers to build highly visual 3D desktops and applications that will run on Linux systems such as Sun’s Java Desktop System.
[125000480070] |The Solaris™ environment will be supported in the near future.
[125000480080] |<strong>Install Looking glass in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000480090] |There are 3 LG3D repositories.
[125000480100] |The stable repository has the latest stable releases (0.8.1, 1.0 etc.).
[125000480110] |The testing repository has the pre-release builds (alpha, beta etc.) for the latest version and the unstable repsoitory has the nightly builds.
[125000480120] |Edit the /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125000480130] |sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
[125000480140] |and add the following line which is suitable for you save the file and exit.
[125000480150] |# LG3D repsoitories
[125000480160] |For stable
[125000480170] |deb http://javadesktop.org/lg3d/debian stable contrib
[125000480180] |For testing
[125000480190] |# deb http://javadesktop.org/lg3d/debian testing contrib
[125000480200] |For Unstable
[125000480210] |# deb http://javadesktop.org/lg3d/debian unstable contrib
[125000480220] |Suggested one is stable one
[125000480230] |Now you need to update the repositories using the following command
[125000480240] |sudo apt-get update
[125000480250] |Install looking glass using the following command
[125000480260] |sudo apt-get install lg3d-core
[125000480270] |This will install all the required packages for looking glass desktop environment.
[125000480280] |If you want to access the Looking glass Desktop environment logout from the existing session and now you are on ubuntu login screen in this you need to select options—> selectsession
[125000480290] |You should see the following screen here you have to select looking glass and click on change session
[125000480300] |<img/>Now it will disply the following screen in this you want to change to looking glass just for this session or if you want to make looking glass your default desktop environment.
[125000480310] |Now it will load the looking glass desktop and looks like the following screen
[125000480320] |One more nice screenshots of Ubuntu Looking Glass Desktop
[125000490010] |<title>Restart Ubuntu Gnome session without rebooting</title>
[125000490020] |If you want to quickly restart X Windows on Ubuntu or any version of linux, all you have to do is hit this key combination quickly or use the command line option Ctrl+Alt+Backspace
[125000490030] |or
[125000490040] |You can use the following command from your terminal
[125000490050] |sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart
[125000490060] |Note: Make sure that you save your work before doing this
[125000500010] |<title>Show and hide the GRUB Menu on Ubuntu</title>
[125000500020] |When Ubuntu boots, you normally briefly see a screen that says “GRUB loading. please wait… Press Esc to enter the menu…”
[125000500030] |If you are hacking around your system and would prefer to always see the GRUB menu there’s an easy fix.
[125000500040] |Edit the /boot/grub/menu.lst file using the following command
[125000500050] |sudo vi /boot/grub/menu.lst
[125000500060] |<strong>Hide GRUB Menu</strong>
[125000500070] |By default GRUB Hides the menu .
[125000500080] |Now search the section that looks like this
[125000500090] |## hiddenmenu # Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu) hiddenmenu
[125000500100] |<strong>Show GRUB Menu</strong>
[125000500110] |Put a # before hiddenmenu to comment that line out
[125000500120] |## hiddenmenu # Hides the menu by default (press ESC to see the menu) #hiddenmenu
[125000500130] |Save the file, and you should see the menu the next time you reboot.
[125000500140] |<strong>Change the GRUB Menu Timeout value on Ubuntu</strong>
[125000500150] |When your Ubuntu system boots, you will see the GRUB menu if you hit the Esc key, or if you’ve enabled the menu to show by default.
[125000500160] |The only issue with this is that the default timeout is only 3 seconds.
[125000500170] |You may want to increase this amount or you may even want to decrease it.
[125000500180] |Either one is simple.
[125000500190] |Edit the /boot/grub/menu.lst file using the following command
[125000500200] |sudo vi /boot/grub/menu.lst
[125000500210] |Now find the following section
[125000500220] |## timeout sec # Set a timeout, in SEC seconds, before automatically booting the default entry # (normally the first entry defined). timeout 3
[125000500230] |The timeout value is in seconds.
[125000500240] |Save the file, and when you reboot you will have that many seconds to choose the menu item you want.
[125000510010] |<title>Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) Release Dates</title>
[125000510020] |In addition to Ubuntu 6-months stable releases and the next version of ubuntu is 7.04 with Code Name “Feisty Fawn”.
[125000510030] |Curretly most of the people are trying to upgrade to ubuntu edgy eft (Current Stable) but they are having some problems related to xserver,applications,nvidia,ati drivers etc.if you want to know more common problems with their solutions check <a>here</a> i hope you will solve with this collection.
[125000510040] |<strong>Mark Shuttleworth about Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)</strong>
[125000510050] |Shuttleworth said “the main themes for development in this release will be improvements to hardware support in the laptop, desktop and high-end server market, and an aggressive adoption of emerging desktop technologies.”Ubuntu’s Feisty release will put the spotlight on multimedia enablement and desktop effects.
[125000510060] |We expect this to be a very gratifying release for both users and developers”.
[125000510070] |“Edgy has been a wild ride, with some remarkable achievements (nothing like re-inventing and substantially improving on init!).
[125000510080] |Feisty will be a little more focused on features that are very visible to end-users,”
[125000510090] |Now you can make a note of ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn) release dates in you calender
[125000510100] |<strong>Important Dates</strong>
[125000510110] |<strong>December 2006 </strong>
[125000510120] |<strong>February 2007</strong>
[125000510130] |<strong>March 2007</strong>
[125000510140] |<strong>April 2007</strong>
[125000510150] |<strong>April 19th – Final Release</strong>
[125000510160] |<strong>Details about Each Release date</strong>
[125000510170] |<strong>Feature Freeze</strong>
[125000510180] |The point at which we cease creating and modifying internal features and packages.
[125000510190] |This means we’re pretty much locked down for bugfixes only.
[125000510200] |Exceptions requiring confirmation
[125000510210] |Packages in or relating to high-priority ReleasenameFeatureGoals
[125000510220] |Major/minor fixes, within reason
[125000510230] |Exceptional circumstances
[125000510240] |<strong>Upstream Version Freeze</strong>
[125000510250] |The point at which we cease accepting new upstream versions of packages, whether they are sourced from Debian or not.
[125000510260] |Selected Debian releases of the same upstream versions may still be pulled in for bug-fixes, but this would be a manual process.
[125000510270] |Exceptions requiring confirmation
[125000510280] |Packages in or relating to FeatureGoals
[125000510290] |Minor fixes, if the upstream change is a micro-increment (or equivalent)
[125000510300] |Major fixes, particularly blockers, if the upstream change is a minor-increment (or equivalent)
[125000510310] |Exceptional circumstances
[125000510320] |<strong>String Freeze</strong>
[125000510330] |A string freeze is initiated in the project when all the human readable portions of code are no longer allowed to change.
[125000510340] |This gives the translation teams a chance to complete their translations without having to redo changed text.
[125000510350] |It also allows documentation to mention the actual UI names and messages.
[125000510360] |<strong>Beta Freeze</strong>
[125000510370] |Anal-retentive, high-caution period until the Beta Release goes out.
[125000510380] |Release and relevant section team confirmed fixes only!
[125000510390] |Once the BetaRelease is shipped, we roll back to FeatureFreeze status.
[125000510400] |Exceptions requiring confirmation
[125000510410] |ReleaseCriticalBug
[125000510420] |SecurityCriticalBug
[125000510430] |Exceptional circumstances
[125000510440] |<strong>Beta Release</strong>
[125000510450] |The BetaRelease is a testing oriented pre-release, usually one month before the Final Release.
[125000510460] |<strong>Non Language Pack Translation Deadline</strong>
[125000510470] |Some translation data cannot currently be updated via the language pack mechanism.
[125000510480] |Because these items require more disruptive integration work, they are subject to an earlier deadline.
[125000510490] |Translations which fall into this category are:
[125000510500] |The Ubuntu installer
[125000510510] |Translations which don’t use gettext, including:
[125000510520] |Firefox
[125000510530] |debconf templates
[125000510540] |desktop notifications via notification-daemon
[125000510550] |Strings visible in the default desktop (live CDs don’t get language pack updates)
[125000510560] |Default menu items
[125000510570] |Panel strings
[125000510580] |All menu entries in KDE applications, which does not support translation via language packs
[125000510590] |<strong>Kernel Freeze</strong>
[125000510600] |The kernel freeze is a deadline for kernel updates, since they require several lockstep actions which must be folded into the CD building process.
[125000510610] |As with other freeze dates, exceptional circumstances may justify exemptions to the freeze, at the exception of the release managers.
[125000510620] |<strong>Release Candidate (RC)</strong>
[125000510630] |The release candidate is a production-quality pre-release one week before the final release.
[125000510640] |<strong>Language Pack Translation Deadline</strong>
[125000510650] |Translation data using the Language Pack mechanism is due at this deadline.
[125000510660] |See NonLanguagePackTranslationDeadline for non Language Pack data.
[125000510670] |<strong>Final Release</strong>
[125000510680] |The final release is the finished product which is distributed with an official Ubuntu release number.
[125000520010] |<title>Running Internet Explorer in Ubuntu Linux</title>
[125000520020] |<strong>IEs4Linux</strong> is the simpler way to have Microsoft Internet Explorer running on Linux (or any OS running Wine).
[125000520030] |No clicks needed.
[125000520040] |No boring setup processes.
[125000520050] |No Wine complications.
[125000520060] |Just one easy script and you’ll get three IE versions to test your Sites.
[125000520070] |And it’s free and open source.This may be very helpful for software developers and web developers to test their applications.
[125000520080] |<strong>IEs4Linux Installation in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000520090] |You have to enable universe packages first.
[125000520100] |It is also recommended that you use the official winehq ubuntu package:
[125000520110] |Open /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125000520120] |sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
[125000520130] |Uncomment following lines in your /etc/apt/sources.list and it may be different if you are in different country instead of UK
[125000520140] |<strong>For Ubuntu Dapper Users</strong>
[125000520150] |deb http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper universe deb-src http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper universe
[125000520160] |<strong>For Ubuntu Edgy Eft Users</strong>
[125000520170] |deb http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy universe deb-src http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu edgy universe
[125000520180] |Add WineHQ APT Repository
[125000520190] |or
[125000520200] |If you want to add source packages from the repository
[125000520210] |Currently, wine only have i386 binary packages available.
[125000520220] |If you do not use an i386 architecture, or wish to compile the package in a special or optimized way, you can build the wine package using the source repository instead.
[125000520230] |To do this, add a source repository with one of the following:
[125000520240] |<strong>For Ubuntu Dapper Users</strong>
[125000520250] |deb http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt dapper main deb-src http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt dapper main
[125000520260] |<strong>For Ubuntu Edgy Eft Users</strong>
[125000520270] |deb http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt edgy main deb-src http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt edgy main
[125000520280] |Close gedit and run an update to take your new Repository
[125000520290] |sudo apt-get update
[125000520300] |<strong>Install wine and cabextract</strong>
[125000520310] |sudo apt-get install wine cabextract
[125000520320] |Now you need to download IEs4Linux script from <a>here</a>
[125000520330] |wget http://www.tatanka.com.br/ies4linux/downloads/ies4linux-2.0.5.tar.gz
[125000520340] |tar xzvf ies4linux-2.0.5.tar.gz
[125000520350] |cd ies4linux-2.0.5
[125000520360] |Once you are inside ies4linux-2.0.5 directory you need to run the following script to install internet explorer
[125000520370] |./ies4linux
[125000520380] |This will install the internet explore in your machine.
[125000520390] |To run IE you need to run the following command and it may be different for others this path at the end of installation it will give from where you want to run
[125000520400] |/root/bin/ie6
[125000520410] |You should see the Internet explorer opening
[125000520420] |If try to run /root/bin/ie6 as root user you will get the following error messages so you need to run as user#/root/bin/ie6 fixme:actctx:CreateActCtxW stub! err:imagelist:ImageList_ReplaceIcon no color! err:imagelist:ImageList_ReplaceIcon no color! err:imagelist:ImageList_ReplaceIcon no color! err:imagelist:ImageList_ReplaceIcon no color!
[125000520430] |Application tries to create a window, but no driver could be loaded.
[125000520440] |Make sure that your X server is running and that $DISPLAY is set correctly.
[125000520450] |If you want to check more information about this script check <a>here</a>
[125000530010] |<title>Mount a Remote Folder using SSH on Ubuntu</title>
[125000530020] |Connecting to a server across the internet is much more secure using SSH.
[125000530030] |There is a way that you can mount a folder on a remove server using the SSHFS service.sshfs is a filesystem client based on the SSH File Transfer Protocol.
[125000530040] |Since most SSH servers already support this protocol it is very easy to set up: i.e. on the server side there’s nothing to do.
[125000530050] |On the client side mounting the filesystem is as easy as logging into the server with ssh.
[125000530060] |sshfs is based on FUSE (userspace filesystem framework for Linux), thus you will have to prepare fuse kernel module to be able to use it.
[125000530070] |<strong>Install sshfs in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000530080] |sudo apt-get install sshfs
[125000530090] |This will complete the installation part.
[125000530100] |Now we will use the modprobe command to load it
[125000530110] |sudo modprobe fuse
[125000530120] |Now you need to set up some permissions in order to access the utilities.
[125000530130] |Replace with your username.
[125000530140] |sudo adduser fuse
[125000530150] |sudo chown root:fuse /dev/fuse
[125000530160] |sudo chmod +x /dev/fusermount
[125000530170] |Since we’ve added ourselves to a user group, we need to logout and back in at this point before we continue.
[125000530180] |Now we’ll create a directory to mount the remote folder in.
[125000530190] |I chose to create it in my home directory and call it remoteserv.
[125000530200] |mkdir ~/remoteserv
[125000530210] |Now we have the command to actually mount it.
[125000530220] |You’ll be prompted to save the server key and for your remote password.
[125000530230] |sshfs username@ipaddress:/remotepath ~/remoteserv
[125000530240] |In the above command you need to replace usename and ipaddress.
[125000530250] |Now you should be able to cd into the directory and start using it as if it was local.
[125000530260] |user@testserver:~/remoteserv$ ls -l total 16 drwxr-xr-x 1 951247 155725 4096 2006-16-13 13:03 Music drwxr-sr-x 1 root root 4096 2006-10-11 06:05 logs drwx—— 1 951247 155725 4096 2006-02-11 16:19 Documents drwxrwxr-x 1 951247 155725 4096 2006-10-09 02:43 scripts
[125000540010] |<title>Clone Your Ubuntu installation</title>
[125000540020] |If you want to create a system that is similar to a different system you have already set up, it can be difficult to remember each and every package you had installed.This method works best when you are exporting to and importing from the same distribution and, specifically, the same releasefor example, exporting from Ubuntu Dapper to Ubuntu Dapper or ubuntu edgy to ubuntu edgy.
[125000540030] |Ubuntu uses the APT package management system which handles installed packages and their dependencies.
[125000540040] |If we can get a list of currently installed packages you can very easily duplicate exactly what you have installed now on your new machine.
[125000540050] |Below is a command you can use to export a list of your installed packages.
[125000540060] |<code>sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep '[[:space:]]install$='| awk '{print $1}' >installedpackages</code> <code>Now you should end up with a file called “installedpackages” which consists of a long list of every package your currently have installed. </code>
[125000540070] |The next step would be to tell the clone machine to install each of those packages.
[125000540080] |You’ll have to copy that file to the clone machine (via network, usb drive, email, etc) and also make sure to duplicate the /etc/apt/sources.list file.
[125000540090] |Without the same access to repositories it may not be able to find the packages.
[125000540100] |To tell your system to use the previously exported package list use the following command (after making sure to also clone your /etc/apt/sources.list file)
[125000540110] |Update the source list using the following command
[125000540120] |sudo aptitude update
[125000540130] |Import the package list using the following command
[125000540140] |cat installedpackages | xargs sudo aptitude install
[125000550010] |<title>Local DNS Cache for Faster Browsing on Ubuntu Machine</title>
[125000550020] |A DNS server resolves domain names into IP addresses.
[125000550030] |So when you request “yahoo.com” for example, the DNS server finds out the address for the domain, and sends your request the right way.
[125000550040] |You can run a DNS cache on your computer.
[125000550050] |This will speed up the process of looking up domain names when browsing.
[125000550060] |The difference is about 30-60 ms. Multiply that difference by the number of websites you visit a day for an approximate estimate of the speed improvement.
[125000550070] |The following instructions are for someone with a broadband internet connection, where the computer gets it’s local IP address using DHCP from the router in your home or office.
[125000550080] |<strong>Install dnsmasq in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000550090] |Dnsmasq is a lightweight, easy to configure, DNS forwarder and DHCP server.
[125000550100] |It is designed to provide DNS and optionally, DHCP, to a small network.
[125000550110] |It can serve the names of local machines which are not in the global DNS.
[125000550120] |The DHCP server integrates with the DNS server and allows machines with DHCP-allocated addresses to appear in the DNS with names configured either in each host or in a central configuration file.
[125000550130] |Dnsmasq supports static and dynamic DHCP leases and BOOTP for network booting of diskless machines.
[125000550140] |First you need to make sure that Universe repository is enabled in your sources.list file
[125000550150] |Install dnsmasq Using the following command
[125000550160] |sudo apt-get install dnsmasq
[125000550170] |uncomment the following line (remove “#” in the beginning) in the file /etc/dnsmasq.conf
[125000550180] |listen-address=127.0.0.1
[125000550190] |Now edit
[125000550200] |/etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf
[125000550210] |and make sure the section below exactly like this, especially the line that says “prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1;”
[125000550220] |#supersede domain-name “fugue.com home.vix.com”; prepend domain-name-servers 127.0.0.1; request subnet-mask, broadcast-address, time-offset, routers, domain-name, domain-name-servers, host-name, netbios-name-servers, netbios-scope;
[125000550230] |In the normal case, when you get a new dhcp lease, the dhcp3 client (tool) on your computer gets a new lease, and updates the
[125000550240] |/etc/resolv.conf
[125000550250] |file on your computer with the right values for the DNS servers to use (usually some machine in the network of your hosting provider).
[125000550260] |Adding the “prepend” option as we did above ensures that “127.0.0.1″ will appear on the top of the list of DNS servers.
[125000550270] |That magic number refers to your own computer.
[125000550280] |So in the future, whenever your computer needs to resolve a domain name, it will forward that request to dnsmasq (which is running at 127.0.0.1 - your computer).
[125000550290] |If the details for the domain name are already in you cache, well and good, dnsmasq will serve it up and make the process real fast.
[125000550300] |If it is not in the cache, then dnsmasq will look at the /etc/resolv.conf file and use the nameservers listed below the “127.0.0.1?.
[125000550310] |I hope that explains things.
[125000550320] |Now open the file
[125000550330] |/etc/resolv.conf
[125000550340] |in your text editor.
[125000550350] |It probably looks like:
[125000550360] |search yourisp.com nameserver 217.54.170.023 nameserver 217.54.170.024 nameserver 217.54.170.026
[125000550370] |The 127.0.0.1 is missing right now since you haven’t renewed your lease after you edited the /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf file.
[125000550380] |So, let us add that in manually this one time.
[125000550390] |After you do, your /etc/resolv.conf file will look like the following:
[125000550400] |search yourisp.com nameserver 127.0.0.1 nameserver 217.54.170.023 nameserver 217.54.170.024 nameserver 217.54.170.026
[125000550410] |Now you need to restart the dnsmasq using the following command
[125000550420] |sudo /etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart
[125000550430] |Now you are running a local DNS cache.
[125000550440] |<strong>Testing Your Local DNS Cache</strong>
[125000550450] |If you want to measure your speed improvement, type the command
[125000550460] |dig yahoo.com
[125000550470] |You will see something like “;; Query time: 38 msec” there.
[125000550480] |Now type the command again, and you should see something like:”;; Query time: 2 msec”
[125000560010] |<title>Blogging From Ubuntu Using Drivel</title>
[125000560020] |Drivel is a GNOME client for working with online journals, also known as weblogs or simply blogs.
[125000560030] |It retains a simple and elegant design while providing many powerful features.
[125000560040] |<strong>Drivel Features</strong>
[125000560050] |Support for LiveJournal, Blogger, MovableType, Advogato, and Atom journals (systems based off these are also supported,
[125000560060] |including WordPress and Drupal)
[125000560070] |The ability to post, edit, delete, and view recent entries
[125000560080] |Integrated spellchecking and HTML syntax highlighting
[125000560090] |Offline composition and editing
[125000560100] |Automatic recovery in the event of a crash
[125000560110] |Journal system extensions, including LiveJournal security groups and MovableType categories
[125000560120] |<strong>Install Drivel in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000560130] |sudo apt-get install drivel
[125000560140] |This will complete the installation
[125000560150] |Now if you want to open drivel go to Applications--->Internet--->Drivel Journal Editor you can see this in the following screen
[125000560160] |Once it open drivel you should see the following screen here you need to select the username,password,journal type and server address
[125000560170] |Here you can select the available journal types by selecting drop down box you can see in the following screen
[125000560180] |If you want to blog wordpress or Drupal you need to select MovableType as the Journal Type and enter the server address.For wordpress blogging you need to add xmlrpc.php at the end of your blog address.
[125000560190] |In this example i am using livejournal login details you can see this in the following screen and click on login
[125000560200] |Once you logged in to livejournal you can see the following screen here you can add your content to your blog
[125000560210] |If you click on show more options at the bottom of the window you should see the following screen
[125000560220] |Now we will post our first post to my livejournal enter all the details and click on post
[125000560230] |<img/>Drivel Version Details
[125000560240] |Now we will see each tool bar options available for drivel Journal Editor
[125000560250] |Drivel Journal Options you can see in the following screen
[125000560260] |Drivel Edit Options you can see in the following screen like clear entry,last entry,friends etc
[125000560270] |If you select Preferences option from edit you should see the following screen
[125000560280] |Drivel View Options you can see in the following screen like Highlight spelling errors,Highlight HTML
[125000560290] |Drivel Format Options you can see in the following screen like selecting fornt type,insert image,insert link etc
[125000560300] |Drivel Web Links Options you can see in the following screen like recent entries,calender view etc
[125000570010] |<title>Change language in Firefox and Swiftfox web browsers</title>
[125000570020] |First you need to install the language xpi that you want (Just click the .xpi to install it).Download .xpi file for Firefox/Swiftfox 2.0.0.1 from <a>here</a>
[125000570030] |After you have installed the xpi file, open up a new window/tab.
[125000570040] |In the addressbar copy and paste
[125000570050] |about:config
[125000570060] |Hit enter and you will see a list of stuff.
[125000570070] |Now copy and paste the following into the search/filter area
[125000570080] |general.useragent.locale
[125000570090] |Now you will se only one entry, doubleclick on it and add the code for your language (the same as the xpi file).
[125000570100] |So if you installed the sv-SE.xpi you enter sv-SE.
[125000570110] |After this, restart Firefox/Swiftfox and you have your preffered language.
[125000580010] |<title>Combine multiple PDFs into one file in Ubuntu Linux</title>
[125000580020] |It is very useful to combine multiple PDF documents into one file.
[125000580030] |This is useful especially if you accumulate many PDFs (newsletters, bills, etc.) over time.
[125000580040] |<strong>Preparing Your system</strong>
[125000580050] |sudo apt-get install gs pdftk
[125000580060] |Now we will see one example how to combine pdf files let us assume we have 1.pdf,2.pdf,3.pdf files and now we need to cobmine this files using the following command
[125000580070] |gs -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOUTPUTFILE=combinedpdf.pdf -dBATCH 1.pdf 2.pdf 3.pdf
[125000580080] |In the above command after “-sOUTPUTFILE=” type whatever name you want for the merged file (don’t forget to append .pdf to the end of the file name).
[125000580090] |Rename “1.pdf 2.pdf 3.pdf” to whatever your file names are (separate your file names with a space).
[125000580100] |After you run the above command, a new PDF file called combinedpdf.pdf will be created with your individual files merged according to the order you list.
[125000580110] |If you want to know more options available for gs command check <a>man page</a>
[125000590010] |<title>How to Install Netgear wg111v2 wireless dongle card on Ubuntu Edgy</title>
[125000590020] |Install ndiswrapper, specifically ndiswrapper-utils-1.8
[125000590030] |sudo apt-get install ndiswrapper-utils-1.8
[125000590040] |Blacklist existing drivers.*
[125000590050] |sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist
[125000590060] |Copy and paste the following to the bottom of the file.
[125000590070] |Save it.
[125000590080] |Close it.
[125000590090] |#wg111v2 conflicting drivers blacklist islsm_pci blacklist islsm blacklist islsm_usb blacklist prism2_usb blacklist rtl8187 blacklist r8187b
[125000590100] |Download your driver at: http://kbserver.netgear.com/release_notes/D102843.asp
[125000590110] |Select version 1.3.
[125000590120] |Download wg111v2_1_3_0.zip to your desktop.
[125000590130] |Right-click on the file, and extract the compressed folder to your desktop.
[125000590140] |For ease of use, rename the extracted file “NetgearV2″.
[125000590150] |Configure ndiswrapper.
[125000590160] |Replace with yours.
[125000590170] |Edit path as necessary.
[125000590180] |One command at a time.
[125000590190] |sudo ndiswrapper -i /home//Desktop/NetgearV2/Driver/WIN98/net111v2.inf
[125000590200] |sudo depmod -a
[125000590210] |sudo modprobe ndiswrapper
[125000590220] |sudo ndiswrapper -m
[125000590230] |Add the module to /etc/modules.
[125000590240] |sudo gedit /etc/modulesCopy and paste the following to the bottom of the file.
[125000590250] |Save it.
[125000590260] |Close it.
[125000590270] |ndiswrapper
[125000590280] |Reboot your machine.
[125000590290] |Insert your wg111v2.
[125000590300] |Confirm proper ndiswrapper installation.
[125000590310] |sudo ndiswrapper -l
[125000590320] |The output should show
[125000590330] |Installed drivers: net111v2 driver installed, hardware present
[125000590340] |Check iwconfig.
[125000590350] |sudo iwconfigOutput should show wlan0 (or wlan0, or eth0, etc) as a wireless extension.
[125000590360] |Fire up your network by issuing the following commands.
[125000590370] |(Note: to diagnose problems effectively, you should know something about the following: ifconfig, iwconfig, ifup, ifdown, dhclient, and dmesg. )
[125000590380] |Configure wlan0 (or appropriate interface) via iwconfig
[125000590390] |sudo iwconfig wlan0 essid channel 10b. Obtain a valid ip
[125000590400] |sudo dhclient wlan0
[125000590410] |Output should looks like below
[125000590420] |Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client V3.0.4 Copyright 2004-2006 Internet Systems Consortium.
[125000590430] |All rights reserved.
[125000590440] |For info, please visit http://www.isc.org/sw/dhcp/
[125000590450] |Listening on LPF/wlan0/ Sending on LPF/wlan0/ Sending on Socket/fallback DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port …messages… accepting packet with data after udp payload.
[125000590460] |DHCPACK from bound to -- renewal in 32120 seconds
[125000590470] |You can find this information in ubuntu <a>forums</a>
[125000600010] |<title>Install d4x Download manager in Ubuntu</title>
[125000600020] |Downloader for X is a powerful graphical download manager.
[125000600030] |It supports both HTTP(S) and FTP protocols and has nice graphical user interface, though some actions can also be performed using the command line.
[125000600040] |Among others, its key features include proxy and SOCKS5 support, recursive downloading, wildcard matching, download scheduler, multiple download queues and more.
[125000600050] |<strong>Install d4x in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000600060] |sudo apt-get install d4x
[125000600070] |This will complete the installation.If you want to open the application you need to Applications -> Internet ->Downloader for X
[125000600080] |Once it open the application you should see the following screen
[125000600090] |d4x version details
[125000610010] |<title>Fix for mplayer in Firefox under Ubuntu is not working</title>
[125000610020] |Online videos (mpeg and some wmv files) were not playing in Firefox under Ubuntu Edgy in my desktop.The problem could be mplayer for Firefox installed and totem for Firefox plugin also installed .First You need to uninstalled the totem plugin from the terminal using the following command
[125000610030] |sudo apt-get remove totem-mozilla
[125000610040] |Now you need to reinstalled mplayer plugin for Mozilla and now your mplayer should work in firefox.
[125000610050] |If you don’t want to uninstall totem plugin, you can try this in a terminal
[125000610060] |login as root
[125000610070] |cd /usr/lib/mozilla-firefox/plugins
[125000610080] |mkdir oldtotemfiles
[125000610090] |mv libtotem* oldtotemfiles (move to totem plugins)
[125000610100] |Now you need to reinstall mplayer plugin for firefox using the following command
[125000610110] |<code>sudo apt-get install --reinstall mozilla-mplayer</code>
[125000610120] |This should get mplayer to work.
[125000620010] |<title>How to install Adobe PDF Reader with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox</title>
[125000620020] |Adobe Acrobat was the first software to support Adobe Systems’ Portable Document Format (PDF).
[125000620030] |It is a family of software, some commercial and some free of charge.
[125000620040] |The Adobe Acrobat Reader program (now just called Adobe Reader) is available as a no-charge download from Adobe’s web site, and allows the viewing and printing of PDF files.
[125000620050] |It is a major component of the Adobe Engagement Platform, and is widely used as a way to present information with a fixed layout similar to a paper publication.
[125000620060] |Several other PDF-editing programs allow some minimal editing and adding of features to documents, and come with other modules including a printer driver to create PDF files.
[125000620070] |<strong>Install acrobat reader with firefox plugin in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000620080] |sudo apt-get install acroread mozilla-acroread acroread-plugins
[125000620090] |This will complete the installation
[125000620100] |If you want top open acrobat reader go to Applications -> Office -> Adobe Reader
[125000620110] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000620120] |<strong>Adobe Reader support with SCIM</strong>
[125000620130] |Note: If you have added additional language support (SCIM) you will have trouble with running Adobe Reader 7.0.
[125000620140] |There is a fix for this outlined below:
[125000620150] |sudo gedit /usr/bin/acroread
[125000620160] |Within that file change:
[125000620170] |#!/bin/sh
[125000620180] |#
[125000620190] |to:
[125000620200] |#!/bin/sh
[125000620210] |#
[125000620220] |GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
[125000620230] |Save the file.
[125000620240] |At this point Adobe Reader should work alongside additional language support (SCIM).
[125000620250] |<strong>How to associate Adobe Reader for .pdf files in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000620260] |This will explain how to set Adobe Reader as the default program for .pdf files on your Ubuntu system.
[125000620270] |Right-click on any .pdf file Select “Properties”
[125000620280] |Once it opens you need to select “Open With” Select Adobe Reader
[125000620290] |This should now associate all .pdf files with Adobe Reader on your Ubuntu system.
[125000630010] |<title>Install Exaile media player and Enjoy Your Music</title>
[125000630020] |Exaile is a media player aiming to be similar to KDE’s AmaroK, but for GTK+.
[125000630030] |It incorporates many of the cool things from AmaroK (and other media players) like automatic fetching of album art, handling of large libraries, lyrics fetching, artist/album information via the wikipedia, last.fm support, optional iPod support (assuming you have python -gpod installed).
[125000630040] |In addition, Exaile also includes a built in shoutcast directory browser, tabbed playlists (so you can have more than one playlist open at a time), blacklisting of tracks (so they don’t get scanned into your library), downloading of guitar tablature from fretplay.com, and submitting played tracks on your iPod to last.fm.
[125000630050] |<strong>Preparing your system</strong>
[125000630060] |First you need to install the following packages
[125000630070] |sudo apt-get install python-pyvorbis python-pysqlite2 python-mutagen python-pyogg python-elementtree
[125000630080] |<strong>Install Exaile media player in Ubuntu Edgy</strong>
[125000630090] |First you need to download the latest version of Exaile media player .deb package from <a>here</a> using the following command
[125000630100] |wget http://www.exaile.org/files/exaile_0.2.7_i386.deb
[125000630110] |Now you have exaile_0.2.7_i386.deb package you need to install this package using the following command
[125000630120] |sudo dpkg -i exaile_0.2.7_i386.deb
[125000630130] |If you want to install exaile media player from source list use the following procedure
[125000630140] |Edit your /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125000630150] |sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list
[125000630160] |Add the following line save and exit the file
[125000630170] |deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/syzygy42/ edgy exaile-svn
[125000630180] |Then type this in a terminal
[125000630190] |Now you need to copy the key using the following command
[125000630200] |wget http://download.tuxfamily.org/syzygy42/8434D43A.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
[125000630210] |Update the source list
[125000630220] |sudo apt-get update
[125000630230] |Install exaile media player using the following command
[125000630240] |sudo apt-get install exaile
[125000630250] |if you only want the stable versions, you can use the following line in /etc/apt/sources.list file and following the above procedure to install.
[125000630260] |deb http://download.tuxfamily.org/syzygy42 edgy exaile
[125000630270] |This will complete the installation.If you want to open the application go to Applications--->Sound Video-->Exaile
[125000630280] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000630290] |Exaile Version Details
[125000630300] |<strong>Enable Exaile Plugins</strong>
[125000630310] |If you want to enable available plugins go to Tools--->Plugins
[125000630320] |Once it opens you shold see the following screen with available plugins
[125000630330] |<strong>Enable MP3 Support</strong>
[125000630340] |Exaile uses the GStreamer engine for audio playback.
[125000630350] |You can play the audio formats of your choice by installing the appropriate GStreamer plugins without having to manually recompile the whole program.
[125000630360] |For example, since most Linux distributions don’t support proprietary formats such as MP3 by default, you can add this functionality to Exaile (and other GStreamer-based programs) by installing the Ugly Plug-ins package.
[125000630370] |To enable MP3 support in Ubuntu run the following command
[125000630380] |sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
[125000640010] |<title>Keeping your System clock current, automatically via Network Time Protocol (NTP)</title>
[125000640020] |NTP, the Network Time Protocol, is used to keep computer clocks accurate over the Internet, or by following an accurate hardware receiver which interprets GPS, DCF-77, NIST or similar time signals.
[125000640030] |ntpdate is a simple NTP client which allows a system’s clock to be set to match the time obtained by communicating with one or more servers.
[125000640040] |ntpdate is optional (but recommended) if you’re running an NTP server, because initially setting the system clock to an almost-correct time will help the NTP server synchronize faster.
[125000640050] |The ntpdate client by itself is useful for occasionally setting the time on machines that are not on the net full-time, such as laptops.
[125000640060] |<strong>Install ntp client in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000640070] |sudo apt-get install ntpdate
[125000640080] |ntpdate will automatically run while bboting your system.
[125000640090] |Ubuntu stores script at /etc/network/if-up.d/ntpdate location.
[125000640100] |If you wish to just run script again just type command
[125000640110] |sudo /etc/network/if-up.d/ntpdate
[125000640120] |sudo ntpdate pool.ntp.org
[125000640130] |If you want to use you own ntp servers you need to edit the /etc/default/ntpdate file using the following command
[125000640140] |sudo vi /etc/default/ntpdate
[125000640150] |File looks like below
[125000640160] |# servers to check.
[125000640170] |(Separate multiple servers with spaces.)
[125000640180] |NTPSERVERS=”0.debian.pool.ntp.org 1.debian.pool.ntp.org 2.debian.pool.ntp.org 3.debian.pool.ntp.org” # # additional options for ntpdate #NTPOPTIONS=”-v” NTPOPTIONS=”-u” NTPSERVERS=”ntp.ubuntu.com”
[125000640190] |If you wan to use your own NTP server enter the list of NTP servers under NTPSERVERS
[125000640200] |To avoid stepping the clock you must run ntpdate every 1 or 2 hours using cronjob
[125000640210] |crontab -e
[125000640220] |#Setup NTPDATE
[125000640230] |@hourly /etc/network/if-up.d/ntpdate
[125000640240] |Save and close the file.
[125000640250] |You can also use the following script to run every hour from your cronjob
[125000640260] |<code>#!/bin/bash</code>
[125000640270] |<code>/usr/sbin/ntpdate -s</code>
[125000640280] |<code>/sbin/hwclock --adjust</code>
[125000640290] |<code>/sbin/hwclock --systohc</code>
[125000650010] |<title>Install Skype Instant messanger</title>
[125000650020] |Skype is a little piece of software that lets you make free calls to anyone else on Skype, anywhere in the world.
[125000650030] |And even though the calls are free, they are really excellent quality.
[125000650040] |If you and your friends, family or business contacts are using webcams, you can also make free video calls.
[125000650050] |You can even call landlines and mobile phones at really cheap per minute rates (and there’s no setup or subscription fee).
[125000650060] |<strong>Install skype in ubuntu</strong>
[125000650070] |First you need to download the latest .deb package from <a>here</a> using the following command
[125000650080] |wget http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb
[125000650090] |Now you have skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb package if you want to install this package use the following command
[125000650100] |sudo dpkg -i skype_debian-1.3.0.53-1_i386.deb
[125000650110] |This will complete the installation.Now if you want to open skype go to Applications->Internet->Skype
[125000650120] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000650130] |Skype version details
[125000650140] |Once you logged in to the skype using your username and password you should see the similar to the following screen
[125000660010] |<title>Desktop Data Manager(DDM) for your Ubuntu Desktop</title>
[125000660020] |Desktop Data Manager is a Clipboard Manager for GNOME similar to Klipper for KDE.
[125000660030] |With DDM it is possible to display different types of content like text or images.Additional DDM includes a screenshot taking application which is able to take screenshots from a single window/subwindow, rectangle of the screen or the whole desktop.
[125000660040] |<strong>Desktop Data Manager Features</strong>
[125000660050] |Clipboard history for a customized number of entries
[125000660060] |Separate list for CLIPBOARD (Ctrl+C/Ctrl+V) and PRIMARY (Middle Mouse Button)
[125000660070] |Displays text and images inline
[125000660080] |Converts HTML/FTP/… links (in fact any link that is supported through GnomeVFS) to images which can be pasted into any application
[125000660090] |Images can be pasted as a new file by simply using Ctrl+V
[125000660100] |Customizable keyboard shortcuts
[125000660110] |Extensible through plugins
[125000660120] |<strong>Install Desktop Data Manager in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000660130] |First you need to download the latest .deb package from <a>here</a> using the following command
[125000660140] |wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/data-manager/desktop-data-manager_0.8.5_i386.deb
[125000660150] |Now you have desktop-data-manager_0.8.5_i386.deb package you need to install this using the following command
[125000660160] |sudo dpkg -i desktop-data-manager_0.8.5_i386.deb
[125000660170] |This will complete the installation.Now you need to open Desktop Data Manager go to Applications--->Accessories--->Desktop Data Manager
[125000660180] |Now you should see the following icon marked with red in your system tray
[125000660190] |If you want to see the available options right click on the above icon
[125000660200] |If you want to take a screenshot right click you can select Take A Screenshot option
[125000660210] |You should see the following screen with the available options
[125000660220] |Once it finishes the screenshot you should see the following screen
[125000660230] |If you want to see the preferences right click you can select Preferences
[125000660240] |Once it opens the preferences window you should see the following screen
[125000660250] |One more important feature is DDM collects both text and graphics when you perform copy or cut functions, and displays them when you click the icon.To insert a clipboard item, you select it from the DDM icon, then use a program’s normal paste function.
[125000670010] |<title>Change Font Colour in Gnome Panels</title>
[125000670020] |Open your terminal and edit this file
[125000670030] |vi .gtkrc-2.02
[125000670040] |An empty Text document will open, and you need to copy/paste the following lines
[125000670050] |include “/home/autocrosser/.gnome2/panel-fontrc”style “desktop-icon” { NautilusIconContainer::frame_text = 1 text[NORMAL] = “#000000″ NautilusIconContainer::normal_alpha = 70 } class “GtkWidget” style “desktop-icon”
[125000670060] |#NautilusIconContainer::dark_info_color=”#888888″ #NautilusIconContainer::light_info_color=”#bbbbbb” #NautilusIconContainer::highlight_alpha=200
[125000670070] |style “my_color” { fg[NORMAL] = “#000000″ } widget “*PanelWidget*” style “my_color” widget “*PanelApplet*” style “my_color” widget_class “*MenuItem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*ToolItem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*SeparatorMenuitem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*SeparatorToolitem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*ImageMenuitem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*RadioMenuitem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*CheckMenuitem*” style “my_color” widget_class “*TearoffMenuitem*” style “my_color”
[125000670080] |save and exit the file
[125000670090] |Change the color code of: fg[NORMAL] = “#000000″
[125000670100] |To whatever you like, and the text in gnome panels will become that color.
[125000670110] |If you dont know the code for the color you want, you can use this little handy program.
[125000670120] |sudo apt-get install gcolor2
[125000670130] |If you want to access this program use the following command
[125000670140] |gcolor2
[125000680010] |<title>Change your Network Card MAC Address on Ubuntu</title>
[125000680020] |Media Access Control address, a hardware address that uniquely identifies each node of a network.
[125000680030] |In IEEE 802 networks, the Data Link Control (DLC) layer of the OSI Reference Model is divided into two sublayers: the Logical Link Control (LLC) layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.
[125000680040] |The MAC layer interfaces directly with the network medium.Consequently, each different type of network medium requires a different MAC layer.
[125000680050] |On networks that do not conform to the IEEE 802 standards but do conform to the OSI Reference Model, the node address is called the Data Link Control (DLC) address.
[125000680060] |If you want to change your network card mac address you need to use simple utility called mac changer.MAC changer is a utility for manipulating the MAC address of network interfaces
[125000680070] |<strong>Possible usages</strong>
[125000680080] |You’re in a DHCP network with some kind of IP-based restriction
[125000680090] |You’ve a cluster that boot with BOOTP and you want to have a clean set of MACs
[125000680100] |Debug MAC based routes
[125000680110] |<strong>MAC Changer Features</strong>
[125000680120] |Set specific MAC address of a network interface
[125000680130] |Set the MAC randomly
[125000680140] |Set a MAC of another vendor
[125000680150] |Set another MAC of the same vendor
[125000680160] |Set a MAC of the same kind (eg: wireless card)
[125000680170] |Display a vendor MAC list (today, 6800 items) to choose from
[125000680180] |<strong>Install MAC Changer in Ubuntu</strong>sudo apt-get install macchanger
[125000680190] |This will complete the installation.
[125000680200] |If you Find your MAC address using the following command
[125000680210] |ifconfig
[125000680220] |eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:A8:D0:FA inet addr:172.20.22.35 Bcast:172.20.22.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fea8:d0fa/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:7690 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:6399 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4284579 (4.0 MiB) TX bytes:876317 (855.7 KiB) Interrupt:177 Base address:0×1080
[125000680230] |In the above example MAC Address is 00:0C:29:A8:D0:FA
[125000680240] |If you want to configure MAC Changer you need to stop the networking services using the following command
[125000680250] |For Ubuntu Userssudo /etc/init.d/networking stop
[125000680260] |Now you need to configure your MAC address using the following examples
[125000680270] |MAC Changer Syntax
[125000680280] |macchanger [options] device
[125000680290] |<strong>Examples</strong>
[125000680300] |macchanger eth1
[125000680310] |Current MAC: 00:09:a5:eb:23:f7 (Hansung Eletronic Industries Development Co., Ltd) Faked MAC: 00:09:a5:eb:23:f8 (Hansung Eletronic Industries Development Co., Ltd)
[125000680320] |<code>macchanger --endding eth1</code>
[125000680330] |Current MAC: 00:09:a5:eb:23:f8 (Hansung Eletronic Industries Development Co., Ltd) Faked MAC: 00:09:a5:6f:31:23 (Hansung Eletronic Industries Development Co., Ltd)
[125000680340] |<code>macchanger --another eth1</code>
[125000680350] |Current MAC: 00:09:a5:6f:31:23 (Hansung Eletronic Industries Development Co., Ltd) Faked MAC: 00:11:18:5b:3a:1f (Blx Ic Design Corp., Ltd.)
[125000680360] |macchanger -A eth1
[125000680370] |Current MAC: 00:06:5b:f6:f3:48 (Dell Computer Corp.) Faked MAC: 00:0d:11:93:0c:4f (Dentsply - Gendex)
[125000680380] |macchanger -r eth1
[125000680390] |Current MAC: 00:0d:11:93:0c:4f (Dentsply - Gendex) Faked MAC: 3c:f1:89:f9:1f:ce (unknown)
[125000680400] |<code>macchanger --mac=01:23:45:67:89:AB eth1</code>
[125000680410] |Current MAC: 00:40:96:43:87:65 [wireless] (Cisco/Aironet 4800/340) Faked MAC: 01:23:45:67:89:ab (unknown)
[125000680420] |<code>./macchanger --list=Cray</code>
[125000680430] |Misc MACs: Num MAC Vendor --- --- ------ 065 - 00:00:7d - Cray Research Superservers,Inc 068 - 00:00:80 - Cray Communications (formerly Dowty Network Services) 317 - 00:40:a6 - Cray Research Inc.
[125000680440] |Here is the list of available options for MAC Changer
[125000680450] |-h, -help
[125000680460] |Show summary of options.
[125000680470] |-V, -version
[125000680480] |Show version of program.
[125000680490] |-e, -endding
[125000680500] |Don’t change the vendor bytes.
[125000680510] |-a, -another
[125000680520] |Set random vendor MAC of the same kind.
[125000680530] |-A Set random vendor MAC of any kind.
[125000680540] |-r, -random
[125000680550] |Set fully random MAC.
[125000680560] |-l, -list[=keyword]
[125000680570] |Print known vendors (with keyword in the vendor’s description string)
[125000680580] |-m, <code>--mac XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX</code>
[125000680590] |Set the MAC XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
[125000680600] |If you completed the your MAC address changes you need to start the networking service using the following command
[125000680610] |For Ubuntu Userssudo /etc/init.d/networking start
[125000690010] |<title>Apache2 web server Installation with php4 and php5 support in Ubuntu</title>
[125000690020] |<strong>Apache HTTP Server</strong> is a free software/open source web server for Unix-like systems, Microsoft Windows, Novell NetWare and other platforms.
[125000690030] |Apache is notable for playing a key role in the initial growth of the World Wide Web,and continues to be the most popular web server in use, serving as the de facto reference platform against which other web serversare designed and judged.
[125000690040] |Apache features configurable error messages, DBMS-based authentication databases, and content negotiation.
[125000690050] |It is also supported by several graphical user interfaces (GUIs) which permit easier, more intuitive configuration of the server.
[125000690060] |<strong>Install apache2 in Ubuntu server</strong>
[125000690070] |sudo apt-get install apache2 apache2-common apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils ssl-cert
[125000690080] |This will complete the installation of apache2 web server and now you need to know where the configuration files and document root for your apache web server.
[125000690090] |By default all your configuration files are located at /etc/apache2
[125000690100] |Default document root for apache2 is /var/www.If you want to change the default document root you need to edit the /etc/apache2/sites-available/default file and look for this line “DocumentRoot /var/www/” here you can change whereever you want to change.For example if you want to change /home/wwww the above line looks like this “DocumentRoot/home/www/”.
[125000690110] |The main configuration file located at /etc/apache2/apche2.conf.
[125000690120] |Bydefault Apache2 to Listen on port 80.
[125000690130] |If this is not desired, please edit /etc/apache2/ports.conf as desired.after changing you need restart apache server.
[125000690140] |For example if you want to change your apache webserver port to 78 you need to edit /etc/apache2/ports.conf
[125000690150] |sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf
[125000690160] |Look for the following line
[125000690170] |Listen 80
[125000690180] |Replace with the following line
[125000690190] |Listen 78
[125000690200] |Save the edited file
[125000690210] |sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
[125000690220] |<strong>Installing php and cgi support for apache2 in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000690230] |you need to have universe source list in your sources.list file
[125000690240] |For php4 support
[125000690250] |sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php4 php4-cli php4-common php4-cgi
[125000690260] |For php5 support
[125000690270] |sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli php5-common php5-cgi
[125000690280] |Next we edit /etc/apache2/apache2.conf file and check the index files are correct
[125000690290] |DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.pl index.php index.xhtml
[125000690300] |If you want to enable some Apache modules (SSL, rewrite, suexec, and include)
[125000690310] |sudo a2enmod ssl
[125000690320] |sudo a2enmod rewrite
[125000690330] |sudo a2enmod suexec
[125000690340] |sudo a2enmod include
[125000690350] |Restart Apache to make sure all is well.
[125000690360] |sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
[125000690370] |<strong>Test your apache Server</strong>
[125000690380] |You can access you apache using http://yourserverip/apache2-default/ it should appear the following screen
[125000690390] |<strong>Test apache2 with PHP Support</strong> To test php4 installed correctly or not create a test file using the following command sudo gedit /var/www/test.php
[125000690400] |Insert the following line into the new file
[125000690410] |<?php phpinfo();?>
[125000690420] |Save this file
[125000690430] |Now access this page http://yourserverip/test.php you should see the following screen