[125000910010] |<title>Conky - a light weight system monitor for Ubuntu Linux Systems</title>
[125000910020] |Conky is an advanced, highly configurable system monitor for X based on torsmo.Conky is an powerful desktop app that posts system monitoring info onto the root window.
[125000910030] |It is hard to set up properly (has unlisted dependencies, special command line compile options, and requires a mod to xorg.conf to stop it from flickering, and the apt-get version doesnt work properly).
[125000910040] |Most people can’t get it working right, but its an AWESOME app if it can be set up right done.
[125000910050] |<strong>Install Conky in Ubuntu </strong>
[125000910060] |sudo apt-get install conky
[125000910070] |This will complete the installation
[125000910080] |<strong>Configuring Conky</strong>
[125000910090] |Make a configuration file in your home directory (Ex:-/home/ubuntuadmin)
[125000910100] |vi /home/ubuntuadmin/.conkyrc
[125000910110] |Paste the following code into the file and save / exit
[125000910120] |# UBUNTU-CONKY # A comprehensive conky script, configured for use on # Ubuntu / Debian Gnome, without the need for any external scripts. # # Based on conky-jc and the default .conkyrc. # INCLUDES: # - tail of /var/log/messages # - netstat connections to your computer # # -- Pengo (conky@pengo.us) #
[125000910130] |# Create own window instead of using desktop (required in nautilus) own_window yes own_window_type override own_window_transparent yes own_window_hints undecorated,below,sticky,skip_taskbar,skip_pager
[125000910140] |# Use double buffering (reduces flicker, may not work for everyone) double_buffer yes
[125000910150] |# fiddle with window use_spacer yes use_xft no
[125000910160] |# Update interval in seconds update_interval 3.0
[125000910170] |# Minimum size of text area # minimum_size 250 5
[125000910180] |# Draw shades? draw_shades no
[125000910190] |# Text stuff draw_outline no # amplifies text if yes draw_borders no font arial uppercase no # set to yes if you want all text to be in uppercase
[125000910200] |# Stippled borders? stippled_borders 3
[125000910210] |# border margins border_margin 9
[125000910220] |# border width border_width 10
[125000910230] |# Default colors and also border colors, grey90 == #e5e5e5 default_color grey
[125000910240] |own_window_colour brown own_window_transparent yes
[125000910250] |# Text alignment, other possible values are commented #alignment top_left alignment top_right #alignment bottom_left #alignment bottom_right
[125000910260] |# Gap between borders of screen and text gap_x 10 gap_y 10
[125000910270] |# stuff after ‘TEXT’ will be formatted on screen
[125000910280] |TEXT $color ${color orange}SYSTEM ${hr 2}$color $nodename $sysname $kernel on $machine
[125000910290] |${color orange}CPU ${hr 2}$color ${freq}MHz Load: ${loadavg} Temp: ${acpitemp} $cpubar ${cpugraph 000000 ffffff} NAME PID CPU% MEM% ${top name 1} ${top pid 1} ${top cpu 1} ${top mem 1} ${top name 2} ${top pid 2} ${top cpu 2} ${top mem 2} ${top name 3} ${top pid 3} ${top cpu 3} ${top mem 3} ${top name 4} ${top pid 4} ${top cpu 4} ${top mem 4}
[125000910300] |${color orange}MEMORY / DISK ${hr 2}$color RAM: $memperc% ${membar 6}$color Swap: $swapperc% ${swapbar 6}$color
[125000910310] |Root: ${fs_free_perc /}% ${fs_bar 6 /}$color hda1: ${fs_free_perc /media/hda1}% ${fs_bar 6 /media/hda1}$color hdb3: ${fs_free_perc /media/hdb3}% ${fs_bar 6 /media/hdb3}
[125000910320] |${color orange}NETWORK (${addr eth0}) ${hr 2}$color Down: $color${downspeed eth0} k/s ${alignr}Up: ${upspeed eth0} k/s ${downspeedgraph eth0 25,140 000000 ff0000} ${alignr}${upspeedgraph eth0 25,140 000000 00ff00}$color Total: ${totaldown eth0} ${alignr}Total: ${totalup eth0} Inbound: ${tcp_portmon 1 32767 count} Outbound: ${tcp_portmon 32768 61000 count}${alignr}Total: ${tcp_portmon 1 65535 count}
[125000910330] |${color orange}LOGGING ${hr 2}$color ${execi 30 tail -n3 /var/log/messages | fold -w50}
[125000910340] |${color orange}FORTUNE ${hr 2}$color ${execi 120 fortune -s | fold -w50}
[125000910350] |You can also extract the sample file using the following command
[125000910360] |zcat /usr/share/doc/conky/examples/conkyrc.sample.gz >~/.conkyrc
[125000910370] |If the network connections graph does not work, you will have to change all “eth0″ references to “ppp0″ (for modem) or “ath0″ (for other devices).
[125000910380] |Add dbe module to /etc/X11/xorg.conf to reduce flickering.
[125000910390] |sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
[125000910400] |find the section titled Section “Module”, and add the following line
[125000910410] |Load “dbe”
[125000910420] |<strong>Add conky to Startup programs</strong>
[125000910430] |Go to System--->Preferences--->Sessions
[125000910440] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000910450] |Now you need to select statup programs tab and click on add
[125000910460] |Once it opens you should see the following screen here you need to click on browse
[125000910470] |Now you need to select conky from /usr/bin and click on open
[125000910480] |Once you click on open you should see the following screen here you need to select ok and close
[125000910490] |Next time when you reboot your machine conky will start automatically.
[125000910500] |If you want to start this from command line just enter the following command
[125000910510] |conky
[125000910520] |Output looks like below
[125000910530] |<img/>Only Conky Screenshot
[125000910540] |If you want to know more about configuration file and other options check <a>here</a>
[125000930010] |<title>Avast Antivirus for Ubuntu Desktop</title>
[125000930020] |avast!
[125000930030] |Home Edition is a complete anti-virus package, that is is free for registered home non-commercial users.
[125000930040] |It contains an on-demand scanner with two interfaces (simple for novices and advanced for experienced users), an on-access scanner with Standard Shield (which protects against execution and opening malware programs) and an embedded e-mail scanner which scans incoming and outgoing email messages.
[125000930050] |<strong>Install Avast Antivirus in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000930060] |First you need to download the .deb package from <a>here</a>
[125000930070] |wget http://files.avast.com/files/linux/avast4workstation_1.0.6-2_i386.deb
[125000930080] |Now you have avast4workstation_1.0.6-2_i386.deb package.Install .deb package using the following command
[125000930090] |sudo dpkg -i avast4workstation_1.0.6-2_i386.deb
[125000930100] |This will complete the installation now you need to get the registration key for this you need to fill the on-line form available <a>here</a> and they will send registration key to your mail address
[125000930110] |<strong>Applications Menu Setup</strong>
[125000930120] |or this you need to run a script from the following location
[125000930130] |cd /usr/lib/avast4workstation/share/avast/desktop
[125000930140] |sudo ./install-desktop-entries.sh install
[125000930150] |This will complete the application menu setup.
[125000930160] |If you want to access you need to go to Applications--->Accessories--->avast!Antivirus
[125000930170] |First time it will prompt for license key enter your license key you have got in our previous steps
[125000930180] |Avast Antivirus Interface
[125000930190] |Avast Antivirus database is updating.If you want to update click on update database
[125000930200] |You can select the virus scan here and click on start scan
[125000930210] |Avast antivirus version details
[125000940010] |<title>Cleaning up a Ubuntu GNU/Linux system</title>
[125000940020] |If you want to clean your ubuntu machine you need to follow these simple steps to remove all unnecessary junk files.
[125000940030] |<strong>Remove Residual Config packages</strong>
[125000940040] |In Synaptic Package Manger, there is a built-in feature that gets rid of old Residual Config packages.
[125000940050] |Residual Config packages are usually dependency packages that are left behind after you uninstall a package from your machine.
[125000940060] |To use this feature, go to System >Administration >Synaptic Package Manager.
[125000940070] |On the bottom left hand corner of the window,click the Status button.
[125000940080] |In the list above the Sections, Status, Search, and Custom buttons, you should see the following text
[125000940090] |Installed Installed(auto removable) Installed(local or obsolete) Installed(upgradable) Not installed Not Installed (Residual config)
[125000940100] |<img/>Click on the “Residual config” text.
[125000940110] |(If the “Residual config dialogue does not appear, that means you do not have any Residual Config packages on your machine.
[125000940120] |If you want to remove you need to select those packages and click on apply from menu bar Remove packages are in progress
[125000940130] |<strong>Remove partial packages</strong>
[125000940140] |This is yet another built-in feature, but this time it is not used in Synaptic Package Manager.
[125000940150] |It is used in theTerminal.
[125000940160] |To access the Terminal, go to Applications >Accessories >Terminal.
[125000940170] |Now, in the Terminal, key in the following command
[125000940180] |sudo apt-get autoclean
[125000940190] |<strong>Remove unnecessary locale data</strong>
[125000940200] |For this we need to install localepurge.Automagically remove unnecessary locale data.This is just a simple script to recover diskspace wasted for unneeded locale files and localized man pages.
[125000940210] |It will automagically be invoked upon completion of any apt installation run.
[125000940220] |<strong>Install localepurge in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000940230] |sudo apt-get install localepurge
[125000940240] |After installing anything with apt-get install, localepurge will remove all translation files and translated man pages in languages you cannot read.
[125000940250] |If you want to configure localepurge you need to edit /etc/locale.nopurge
[125000940260] |This can save you several megabytes of disk space, depending on the packages you have installed.
[125000940270] |<strong>Example:-</strong>
[125000940280] |I am trying to install dicus using apt-get
[125000940290] |sudo apt-get install discus
[125000940300] |after end of this installation you can see something like below
[125000940310] |localepurge: Disk space freed in /usr/share/locale: 41860K
[125000940320] |<strong>Remove “orphaned” packages</strong>
[125000940330] |If you want to remove orphaned packages you need to install deborphan package.
[125000940340] |<strong>Install deborphan in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000940350] |sudo apt-get install deborphan
[125000940360] |<strong>Using deborphan</strong>
[125000940370] |Open Your terminal and enter the following command
[125000940380] |sudo deborphan | xargs sudo apt-get -y remove --purge
[125000940390] |<strong>Remove “orphaned” packages Using GtkOrphan</strong>
[125000940400] |GtkOrphan (a Perl/Gtk2 application for debian systems) is a graphical tool which analyzes the status of your installations, looking for orphaned libraries.
[125000940410] |It implements a GUI front-end for deborphan, adding the package-removal capability.
[125000940420] |<strong>Install GtkOrphan in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000940430] |First you need to download latest version of GtkOrphan from <a>here</a> using the following command
[125000940440] |wget http://ftp.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gtkorphan/gtkorphan_0.4.2-2_all.deb
[125000940450] |Now you have gtkorphan_0.4.2-2_all.deb package you need to install this using the following command
[125000940460] |dpkg -i gtkorphan_0.4.2-2_all.deb
[125000940470] |At the time of installation you get the following error
[125000940480] |dpkg -i gtkorphan_0.4.2-2_all.deb Selecting previously deselected package gtkorphan.
[125000940490] |(Reading database …175891 files and directories currently installed.)
[125000940500] |Unpacking gtkorphan (from gtkorphan_0.4.2-2_all.deb) …dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of gtkorphan: gtkorphan depends on deborphan (>= 1.7.17); however: Package deborphan is not installed. gtkorphan depends on libgtk2-gladexml-perl; however: Package libgtk2-gladexml-perl is not installed. dpkg: error processing gtkorphan (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: gtkorphan
[125000940510] |You need to use the following command to fix
[125000940520] |sudo apt-get -f install
[125000940530] |This will complete the installation.Once you finished the installation go to System--->Administration--->Remove Orphaned Packages
[125000940540] |Now it will prompt for password enter your password
[125000940550] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000940560] |Non-orphaned packages list screen shot
[125000940570] |GtkOrphan Version Details
[125000940580] |Now you need to select the orphaned packaged and click on ok
[125000940590] |You need to confirm the removal of packages
[125000940600] |Removing Requested packages in progress
[125000940610] |<strong>Remove Orphan packages using Wajig</strong>
[125000940620] |simplified Debian package management front end.Wajig is a single commandline wrapper around apt, apt-cache, dpkg,/etc/init.d scripts and more, intended to be easy to use and providing extensive documentation for all of its functions.
[125000940630] |With a suitable sudo configuration, most (if not all) package installation as well as creation tasks can be done from a user shell.
[125000940640] |Wajig is also suitable for general system administration.A Gnome GUI command ‘gjig’ is also included in the package.
[125000940650] |<strong>Install Wajig in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000940660] |sudo apt-get install wajig
[125000940670] |This will complete the installation if you want to open this you can use GUI tool using the following command
[125000940680] |gjig
[125000940690] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000940700] |If you want to view orphan packages select Orphans <img/>
[125000940710] |If you want to use wajig from the command line you can see the following help
[125000940720] |Try the help command for a list of common commands provided by wajig:
[125000940730] |$ wajig help
[125000940740] |Examples commands include:
[125000940750] |$ wajig update (= dselect update) $ wajig install less (= apt-get install less) $ wajig new (list new packages since last update) $ wajig newupgrades (list packages upgraded since last update) $ wajig toupgrade (list all packages to be upgraded) $ wajig updatealts editor (update the default “editor”) $ wajig restart apache (restart the apache daemon) $ wajig listfiles less (list the files supplied by the “less” pkg) $ wajig whichpkg stdio.h (what package supplies this header file) $ wajig whatis rats (one line description of the package “rats”) $ wajig orphans (list libraries not required by other pkgs) For a complete list of available commands increase the level of verbosity of the help command
[125000940760] |<strong>debfoster - Keep track of what you did install</strong>
[125000940770] |debfoster maintains a list of installed packages that were explicitly requested rather than installed as a dependency.
[125000940780] |Arguments are entirely optional, debfoster can be invoked per se after each run of dpkg and/or apt-get.
[125000940790] |Alternatively you can use debfoster to install and remove packages by specifying the packages on the command line.
[125000940800] |Packages suffixed with a - are removed while packages without a suffix are installed.
[125000940810] |If a new package is encountered or if debfoster notices that a package that used to be a dependency is now an orphan, it will ask you what to do with it.
[125000940820] |If you decide to keep it, debfoster will just take note and continue.
[125000940830] |If you decide that this package is not interesting enough it will be removed as soon as debfoster is done asking questions.
[125000940840] |If your choices cause other packages to become orphaned more questions will ensue.
[125000940850] |<strong>Install debfoster in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000940860] |sudo apt-get install debfoster
[125000940870] |<strong>Using debfoster</strong>
[125000940880] |to create the initial keepers file use the following command
[125000940890] |sudo debfoster -q
[125000940900] |you can always edit the file /var/lib/debfosterkeepers which defines the packages you want to remain on your system.
[125000940910] |to edit the keepers file type
[125000940920] |sudo vi /var/lib/debfoster/keepers
[125000940930] |To force debfoster to remove all packages that aren’t listed in this list or dependencies of packages that are listed in this list.It will also add all packages in this list that aren’t installed.
[125000940940] |So it makes your system comply with this list.
[125000940950] |Do this
[125000940960] |sudo debfoster -f
[125000940970] |To keep track of what you installed additionally do once in a while :
[125000940980] |sudo debfoster
[125000940990] |<strong>xdiskusage - Check where the space on your hard drive goes</strong>
[125000941000] |Displays a graphic of your disk usage with du.xdiskusage is a user-friendly program to show you what is using up all your disk space.
[125000941010] |It is based on the design of the “xdu” program written by Phillip C. Dykstra.
[125000941020] |Changes have been made so it runs “du” for you, and can display the free space left on the disk, and produce a PostScript version of the display.xdiskusage is nice if you want to easily see where the space on your hard drive goes.
[125000941030] |<strong>Install xdiskusage in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000941040] |sudo apt-get install xdiskusage
[125000941050] |If you want to open this application you need to use the following command
[125000941060] |sudo xdiskusage
[125000941070] |Once it opens you should see similar to the following screen
[125000960010] |<title>Synaptic Package Manager Guide For Ubuntu Users</title>
[125000960020] |Synaptic is a graphical user interface (GUI) for managing software packages on Debian-based distributions.
[125000960030] |If you are using Debian or Ubuntu you will easily find Synaptic in the System Tools menu or in the Administration menu.
[125000960040] |Synaptic uses the GTK graphic libraries .
[125000960050] |So, if you are using GNOME on your debian-based distro you will probably have Synaptic installed as well.
[125000960060] |Synaptic is a graphical package management program for apt.
[125000960070] |It provides the same features as the apt-get command line utility with a GUI front-end based on Gtk+.
[125000960080] |Now we will see how to add repositories,install,remove and update software packages
[125000960090] |<strong>Adding repositories Using Synaptic</strong>
[125000960100] |To Open Synaptic Package manager go to System--->Administration--->Synaptic package manager
[125000960110] |once it opens you should see the following screen asking for the password for root or equivalent users.To manage package installations you need administration privileges; so you need to either be root or to authenticate as such.
[125000960120] |Once it open the Synaptic Package Manager you should see the following screen.The main window is divided into three sections that is a package browser on the left, the package list on the upper right, and package details on the lower right.
[125000960130] |The status bar shows you the system state at a glance.
[125000960140] |Now if you want to add repositories you need to go to settings--->Repositories you can see this in the following screen
[125000960150] |Once it opens the Repositories menu you should see the following screen in this screen you can select repositories,internet updates,Third party,Authentication and statistics.Now we will see one by one first tab is ubuntu 6.10 repositories you need to select which one you want to add like main,universe,multiverse,restricted,source code and the name of the server you want to download from
[125000960160] |Now we will see each one what it means if you want more information check <a>here </a>
[125000960170] |<strong>Main Repositories</strong>
[125000960180] |The main distribution component contains applications that are free software, can freely be redistributed and are fully supported by the Ubuntu team.
[125000960190] |This includes the most popular and most reliable open source applications available, much of which is installed by default when you install Ubuntu.
[125000960200] |<strong>Restricted Repositories</strong>
[125000960210] |The restricted component is reserved for software that is very commonly used, and which is supported by the Ubuntu team even though it is not available under a completely free licence.
[125000960220] |Please note that it may not be possible to provide complete support for this software since we are unable to fix the software ourselves, but can only forward problem reports to the actual authors.
[125000960230] |<strong>Universe Repositories</strong>
[125000960240] |The universe component is a snapshot of the free, open source, and Linux world.
[125000960250] |In universe you can find almost every piece of open source software, and software available under a variety of less open licences, all built automatically from a variety of public sources.
[125000960260] |All of this software is compiled against the libraries and using the tools that form part of main, so it should install and work well with the software in main, but it comes with no guarantee of security fixes and support.
[125000960270] |The universe component includes thousands of pieces of software.
[125000960280] |Through universe, users are able to have the diversity and flexibility offered by the vast open source world on top of a stable Ubuntu core.
[125000960290] |<strong>Multiverse Repositories</strong>
[125000960300] |The “multiverse” component contains software that is “not free”, which means the licensing requirements of this software do not meet the Ubuntu “main” Component Licence Policy.
[125000960310] |Now if you click on Internet Updates tab you should see the following screen here you need to select what updates you want to run,when to update these updates and you want to install these updates
[125000960320] |Now if you click on Third party tab you can enter third Party repositories and cdrom repositories here
[125000960330] |If you want to add new source click on add you should see the following screen here you need to enter your source and click on add source
[125000960340] |Next one is if you click on authentication tab here you can import the authentication keys for the packages you can click on import key file to import
[125000960350] |Final Tab is Statistics this is only for popularity contest
[125000960360] |After finishing all your settings you need to click on close once you click on close.you should see the following screen with the information saying you need to click on reload button to take effects of your new settings
[125000960370] |Now you need to click on reload button located at the top panel of Synaptic manager or simply you can press or press Ctrl + R
[125000960380] |You can see all the required packages are downloading in progress once it finish the download you are ready with your new Repositories list.
[125000960390] |<img/><strong>Ubuntu Dapper users </strong>
[125000960400] |If you are using ubuntu 6.06 (dapper) and other versions when you open settings--->Repositories you can see this in the following screen under installation media tab
[125000960410] |If you want to add Repositories you need to click on add you should see the following screen here you can select channel,components and click add
[125000960420] |Here you can see the available channels list
[125000960430] |If you want to add custom or third party repositories click on custom button you should see the following screen add your repositories click on add channel
[125000960440] |Internet updates tab look like below here you can select when do you want to update your repositories
[125000960450] |<strong>Install a Package Using Synaptic Package Manager</strong>
[125000960460] |For example you want to install a package called dia-gnome for this you need to select the package and right click on that you should see the following screen here you need to select mark for installation or press Ctrl + I
[125000960470] |This will popup a window saying that some of the other packages also required changes click on mark
[125000960480] |You can see this package is marked for installation with an arrow mark next to the check box
[125000960490] |Now you need to apply these changes by clicking on “Apply” in the toolbar or press Ctrl + P
[125000960500] |Now it will show you the packages are going to be installed here you need to click on apply
[125000960510] |Downloading all the required packages in progress
[125000960520] |Installing the package is in progress
[125000960530] |If you want to see the details of the installation package you can see in the following screen
[125000960540] |Changes are applied successfully windows and click on close
[125000960550] |<strong>Remove a Package Using Synaptic Package Manager</strong>
[125000960560] |Now if you want to remove installed package you need to select that package and right click on that you need to select Mark for removal option
[125000960570] |Here you can see the packages are going to be removed and other details here you need to click on apply or press Ctrl + P
[125000960580] |Removing package is in progress
[125000960590] |Changes are applied successfully windows and click on close
[125000960600] |<strong>Upgrade a Package Using Synaptic Package Manager</strong>
[125000960610] |You need to Click Reload or press Ctrl + R to make Synaptic aware of the latest updates.
[125000960620] |Now you need to Right-click on the package you want to upgrade and choose Mark for Upgrade from the context menu, or press Ctrl + U.
[125000960630] |Once you have finished with your choices, click on Apply in the toolbar or press Ctrl + P.
[125000960640] |<img/>A dialog box appears with a summary of changes that will be made.
[125000960650] |Confirm the changes by clicking on Apply.
[125000960660] |This will start the download and installation in progress you can see in the following screen
[125000960670] |Changes are applied successfully windows and click on close
[125000960680] |<strong>Search a Package Using Synaptic Package Manager</strong>
[125000960690] |If you want to search a package you need to click on search option in synaptic tool bar
[125000960700] |You should see the following screen asking for package name and select the the option like description or name or both and click on search in this example i am searching for shorewall
[125000960710] |You should see the results in the following screen if you want to install these packages you can follow the above procedure
[125000960720] |Using CDs as offline package repositories
[125000960730] |The best way to install new software in Ubuntu is to be connected to the Internet, but sometimes this is not possible.
[125000960740] |When you install Ubuntu the first time, your install CD should have been added as a repository.
[125000960750] |Go to Settings--->Repositories
[125000960760] |Once it opens you should see the following screen.Now insert your install CD and click on button labeled “Add CDrom” it will be added to the repositories.
[125000960770] |Scanning Disk for Index Files in Progress
[125000960780] |You can now install software through Synaptic without being connected to the Internet, provided the install CD is inserted.
[125000960790] |Note that the install CD has software solely from the main repository, not Universe, Multiverse or Restricted
[125000960800] |You now can download the entire Universe and Multiverse repositories on a set of DVD’s and CD’s from <a>here</a>
[125000960810] |As a front-end to apt,Synaptic uses the system-wide list of software repositories file located at /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125000960820] |This tools is very simple to use for new users how to install,remove,upgrade packages
[125000960830] |This tutorial is simple tutorial how to use synaptic Package Manager in ubuntu,Debian
[125000970010] |<title>Ubuntu Networking Configuration Using Graphical Tool</title>
[125000970020] |The basics for any network based on *nix hosts is the Transport Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) combination of three protocols.
[125000970030] |This combination consists of the Internet Protocol (IP),Transport Control Protocol (TCP), and Universal Datagram Protocol (UDP).
[125000970040] |By Default most of the users configure their network card during the installation of Ubuntu.
[125000970050] |You can however, use the ifconfig command at the shell prompt or Ubuntu’s graphical network configuration tools, such as network-admin, to edit your system’s network device information or to add or remove network devices on your system
[125000970060] |<strong>Configuring Network Using Graphical Configuration Tool in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000970070] |If you are new to networking the graphical configuration tool is your best method for configuring new hardware in Ubuntu.We are going to use GUI tool “network-admin” to configure networking.
[125000970080] |Remember, you must be root to run network-admin.
[125000970090] |There are two ways to start network-admin first thing is you can use your terminal to type “sudo network-admin” it will start up or you can go to System--->Administration --->Networking
[125000970100] |Once it opens you should see the following screen
[125000970110] |In the above screen select wired connection and click on properties tab you should see the following screen my network card is curretly configured for DHCP client and you need to make sure “Enable this connection” tick box is checked
[125000970120] |If you want to configure the Static ipaddress you need to select drop down box under “Configuration” select static ip address and you need to make sure “Enable this connection” tick box is checked
[125000970130] |Once you select the static ip address you need to select ip address,subnet mask,gateway address and click on ok
[125000970140] |Now you click on “General” tab here you can enter your hostname,domain name
[125000970150] |Next one you need to click on “DNS” tab to configure your system’s DNS settings, hostname, or DNS search path.
[125000970160] |Click the Hosts tab, and then either click the Add or Properties button (after selecting a host) to create or edit an entry in your system’s /etc/hosts file
[125000970170] |Highlight an existing entry, and then click the Properties button to change /etc/hosts entries in the Hosts tab of the Network Configuration screen.
[125000970180] |You can also assign different locations to your computer, especially very useful if you are on a laptop and move between several networks each requiring different configurations.
[125000970190] |Just select the gray bar at the top of the network-admin window and select Create Location.
[125000970200] |Enter a name, such as Home and then repeat this again to create another location, Work.
[125000970210] |Each time you switch between locations, Ubuntu detects that it needs to use configurations specific to those locations, so for instance you might want to use DHCP at work, but not at home.
[125000970220] |Simple; just select the Home location, configure your ethernet connection to use a Static IP and you are all set to switch between your home and corporate networks.
[125000980010] |<title>Ubuntu Networking Configuration Using Command Line</title>
[125000980020] |The basics for any network based on *nix hosts is the Transport Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) combination of three protocols.
[125000980030] |This combination consists of the Internet Protocol (IP),Transport Control Protocol (TCP), and Universal Datagram Protocol (UDP).
[125000980040] |By Default most of the users configure their network card during the installation of Ubuntu.
[125000980050] |You can however, use the ifconfig command at the shell prompt or Ubuntu’s graphical network configuration tools, such as network-admin, to edit your system’s network device information or to add or remove network devices on your system
[125000980060] |<strong>Configure Network Interface Using Command-Line</strong>
[125000980070] |You can configure a network interface from the command line using the networking utilities.
[125000980080] |You configure your network client hosts with the command line by using commands to change your current settings or by editing a number of system files.
[125000980090] |<strong>Configuring DHCP address for your network card</strong>
[125000980100] |If you want to configure DHCP address you need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces and you need to enter the following lines replace eth0 with your network interface card
[125000980110] |sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980120] |Note :- Use vi editor if you don’t have GUI installed
[125000980130] |If you have GUI use the following command
[125000980140] |gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980150] |# The primary network interface - use DHCP to find our address auto eth0 iface eth0 inet dhcp
[125000980160] |<strong>Configuring Static IP address for your network card</strong>
[125000980170] |If you want to configure Static IP address you need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces and you need to enter the following lines replace eth0 with your network interface card
[125000980180] |sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980190] |Note :- Use vi editor if you don’t have GUI installed
[125000980200] |If you have GUI use the following command
[125000980210] |gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980220] |# The primary network interface
[125000980230] |auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.3.90 gateway 192.168.3.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.3.0 broadcast 192.168.3.255
[125000980240] |After entering all the details you need to restart networking services using the following command
[125000980250] |sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
[125000980260] |<strong>Setting up Second IP address or Virtual IP address in Ubuntu</strong>
[125000980270] |If you are a server system administrator or normal user some time you need to assign a second ipaddress to your Ubuntu machine.For this you need to edit the /etc/network/interfaces file and you need to add the following syntax.Below one is the only example you need to chnage according to your ip address settings
[125000980280] |sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980290] |Note :- Use vi editor if you don’t have GUI installed
[125000980300] |If you have GUI use the following command
[125000980310] |gksudo gedit /etc/network/interfaces
[125000980320] |auto eth0:1 iface eth0:1 inet static address 192.168.1.60 netmask 255.255.255.0 network x.x.x.x broadcast x.x.x.x gateway x.x.x.x
[125000980330] |You need to enter all the details like address,netmask,network,broadcast and gateways values after entering all the values save this file and you need to restart networking services in debian using the following command to take effect of our new ipaddress.
[125000980340] |After entering all the details you need to restart networking services using the following command
[125000980350] |sudo /etc/init.d/networking restart
[125000980360] |<strong>Setting your ubuntu stytem hostname </strong>
[125000980370] |Setting up your hostname upon a ubuntu installation is very straightforward.
[125000980380] |You can directly query, or set, the hostname with the hostname command.
[125000980390] |As an user you can see your current hostname with
[125000980400] |sudo /bin/hostname
[125000980410] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000980420] |To set the hostname directly you can become root and run
[125000980430] |sudo /bin/hostname newname
[125000980440] |When your system boots it will automatically read the hostname from the file /etc/hostname
[125000980450] |If you want to know more about how to setup host name check <a>here</a>
[125000980460] |<strong>Setting up DNS</strong>
[125000980470] |When it comes to DNS setup Ubuntu doesn’t differ from other distributions.
[125000980480] |You can add hostname and IP addresses to the file /etc/hosts for static lookups.
[125000980490] |To cause your machine to consult with a particular server for name lookups you simply add their addresses to /etc/resolv.conf.
[125000980500] |For example a machine which should perform lookups from the DNS server at IP address 192.168.3.2 would have a resolv.conf file looking like this
[125000980510] |sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf
[125000980520] |Note :- Use vi editor if you don’t have GUI installed
[125000980530] |If you have GUI use the following command
[125000980540] |gksudo gedit /etc/resolv.conf
[125000980550] |enter the following details
[125000980560] |search test.com nameserver 192.168.3.2
[125000990010] |<title>Ubuntu Network Troubleshooting Tips</title>
[125000990020] |Networking is sometimes considered to be complex, and hard to troubleshoot and manage.
[125000990030] |However, Linux provides you with Some tools to figure out exactly what’s going wrong on your network, and how to fix it.Here we are going see some tools and how to check the network connectivity.
[125000990040] |<strong>Ping</strong>
[125000990050] |Ping is a computer network tool used to test whether a particular host is reachable across an IP network.
[125000990060] |Ping works by sending ICMP “echo request” packets to the target host and listening for ICMP “echo response” replies (sometimes dubbed “Pong!” as an analog from the Ping Pong table tennis sport.)
[125000990070] |Using interval timing and response rate, ping estimates the round-trip time (generally in milliseconds although the unit is often omitted) and packet loss (if any) rate between hosts.
[125000990080] |This is very basic and powerful tool to check Internet connection
[125000990090] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000990100] |ping -c 4 google.com
[125000990110] |-c option is used to pass how many packets you’re sending
[125000990120] |If everything working file you should get reply looks like below
[125000990130] |Pinging www.l.google.com [64.233.183.103] with 32 bytes of data:
[125000990140] |Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=244 Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=244 Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=244 Reply from 64.233.183.103: bytes=32 time=12ms TTL=244
[125000990150] |Ping statistics for 64.233.183.103: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 12ms, Maximum = 12ms, Average = 12ms
[125000990160] |<strong>Traceroute</strong>
[125000990170] |traceroute is a computer network tool used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network.
[125000990180] |An IPv6 variant, traceroute6, is also widely available.Very useful to trace IP packets.
[125000990190] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000990200] |traceroute google.com
[125000990210] |<strong>ifconfig</strong>
[125000990220] |The Unix command ifconfig can function as a tool to configure a network interface for TCP/IP from the command line interface (CLI).This is another easy tool to see if your interface is actually loading correctly.
[125000990230] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000990240] |ifconfig
[125000990250] |eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0A:E6:C6:07:85 inet addr:132.18.0.16 Bcast:132.18.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20a:e6ff:fec6:785/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:18458 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8982 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4015093 (3.8 MiB) TX bytes:1449812 (1.3 MiB) Interrupt:10 Base address:0xd400
[125000990260] |<strong>Route</strong>
[125000990270] |This is very useful to check routing config
[125000990280] |<strong>Example</strong>
[125000990290] |route -n
[125000990300] |<strong>Netstat</strong>
[125000990310] |If you want to see Routing Tables,all open ports,all listen ports
[125000990320] |netstat -nr
[125000990330] |-n means return numeric output (ie, IP address instead of hostname)
[125000990340] |-r means print the routing table
[125000990350] |find all open ports
[125000990360] |netstat -a
[125000990370] |find listening ports
[125000990380] |netstat -l
[125001010010] |<title>How to select and generate locales on Ubuntu</title>
[125001010020] |For those of you who are used to running “dpkg-reconfigure locales” on Debian to select and generate locales you may be a bit disappointed at the seemingly broken way it is done under Ubuntu.
[125001010030] |When I say broken “sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales” does not yield an interface that allows you to select and deselect locales.
[125001010040] |It simply generates the locales mentioned in “/var/lib/locales/supported.d/local” file.
[125001010050] |Therefore if you want to generate a bunch of locales you will need to add them to this file and re-run “dpkg-reconfigure locales”.
[125001010060] |NOTE: One locale per line.
[125001010070] |For a list of valid locales you can search through “/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED”.
[125001010080] |This tip from <a>here</a>
[125001020010] |<title>Winamp Presets for your XMMS Music Player</title>
[125001020020] |If you want to setup Winamp Presets for your XMMS Music Player here is simple tip.
[125001020030] |To get the ‘Default Winamp Presets’ for your XMMS wget the following file
[125001020040] |wget http://www.xmms.org/misc/winamp_presets.gz
[125001020050] |Then issue the following command:
[125001020060] |gunzip -c winamp_presets.gz >~/.xmms/eq.preset
[125001020070] |This will overwrite any existing presets you have.
[125001020080] |The next time you run XMMS the presets will be available
[125001030010] |<title>Install Songbird Music Player in Ubuntu</title>
[125001030020] |Songbird™ is a desktop Web player, a digital jukebox and Web browser mash-up.
[125001030030] |Like Winamp, it supports extensions and skins feathers.
[125001030040] |Like Firefox®, it is built from Mozilla®, cross-platform and open source.
[125001030050] |<strong>Install songbird in Ubuntu System</strong>
[125001030060] |First thing is you need to Download songbird form <a>here</a>
[125001030070] |Once you download the songbird you can see this file Songbird_0_2_1_linux-i686.tar.gz now you can move this to /opt directory using the following command
[125001030080] |sudo mv Songbird_0_2_1_linux-i686.tar.gz /opt
[125001030090] |Go to the /opt directory and now you need to extract this file using the following command
[125001030100] |tar xzvf Songbird_0_2_1_linux-i686.tar.gz
[125001030110] |Now you should see Songbird directory
[125001030120] |Now you need to change owner permissions on sonbird directory using the following command if you want to run as perticular user
[125001030130] |sudo chown -R ruchi:ruchi Songbird
[125001030140] |You can replace the ruchi with the name of the user you want to run.
[125001030150] |Now go in to the songbird directory and run songbird using the following command
[125001030160] |cd Songbird
[125001030170] |Now you are in /opt/Songbird directory run the following command to run songbird
[125001030180] |./Songbird
[125001030190] |This will open songbird application.
[125001030200] |<strong>Download Songbird Icon</strong>
[125001030210] |If you want to create application menu you need to have songbird icon for this you can download from <a>here</a> under buttons section in this example i have downloaded the button_pickup.png and now you need to rename this icon as songbird using the following command
[125001030220] |mv button_pickup.png songbird.png
[125001030230] |Now we need to place this icon in correct place i.e /usr/share/pixmaps using the following command
[125001030240] |sudo cp songbird.png /usr/share/pixmaps
[125001030250] |<strong>Creating Application Menu For Sonbird</strong>
[125001030260] |Now we need to create a Application Menu for this Right click on Applications at the top of your desktop and select “Edit Menus“ option you can see this in the following screen
[125001030270] |This will open Alacarte Menu Editor Once you open this you should see the following screen
[125001030280] |On left side of the Alacarte Menu Editor select “Sound Audio” and on the right side you need to click on “New Item” button
[125001030290] |Once you click on new item button you should see the following screen here you need to select songbird icon, name, Comment and command options
[125001030300] |First thing is click on “no icon” tab to upload songbird icon you should see the following screen here you need to select the icon image location as /usr/share/pixmaps/songbird.png and click on ok
[125001030310] |Next You need to Name as Songbird and in comment field enter musicplayer or you can leave blank.In command option you need to select /opt/Songbird/Songbird and click on ok
[125001030320] |After entering all the details you should see the following screen and click ok
[125001030330] |Now you should see the songbird icon under show item and click on close
[125001030340] |Now we need to open songbird from application menu for this go to Applications--->Sound Video--->Songbird
[125001030350] |First time you should see the songbird license screen and tick the box next to i agree and click on I Agree
[125001030360] |Songbird welcome,optional extensions,privacy screen and click on ok
[125001030370] |Songbird Music Player in Action
[125001030380] |Songbird Music Player version details
[125001030390] |That’s it your songbird music player is ready to play for music and it is really worth to install and try to play your music.I am sure you would love it.
[125001030400] |<strong>Songbird Extensions</strong>
[125001030410] |If you want to install Songbird Extensions check <a>here</a>
[125001040010] |<title>Monitoring Servers and Clients using Munin in Ubuntu</title>
[125001040020] |“Munin” means “memory”.Munin the tool surveys all your computers and remembers what it saw.
[125001040030] |It presents all the information in in graphs through a web interface.
[125001040040] |Its emphasis is on plug and play capabilities.
[125001040050] |After completing a installation a high number of monitoring plugins will be playing with no more effort.
[125001040060] |Using Munin you can easily monitor the performance of your computers, networks, SANs, and quite possibly applications as well.
[125001040070] |It makes it easy to determine “what’s different today” when a performance problem crops up.
[125001040080] |It makes it easy to see how you’re doing capacity wise on all limited resources.
[125001040090] |It uses the excellent RRDTool and is written in Perl.
[125001040100] |Munin has a master/node architecture in which the master connects to all the nodes at regular intervals and asks them for sdata.
[125001040110] |It then stores the data in RRD files, and (if needed) updates the graphs.
[125001040120] |One of the main goals has been ease of creating new plugins (graphs).
[125001040130] |<strong>Preparing Your System</strong>
[125001040140] |You need to install apache web server using the following command
[125001040150] |sudo apt-get install apache2
[125001040160] |Munin contains two parts for it’s configuration
[125001040170] |munin (munin server) - the part that creates the monitoring graphs
[125001040180] |munin-node (munin Client) - the munin client program.
[125001040190] |<strong>Install Munin Server and client in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001040200] |If you want to install munin server and munin client you need to install munin and munin-node packages using the following command
[125001040210] |sudo apt-get install munin munin-node
[125001040220] |<strong>Munin File Structure</strong>
[125001040230] |This will install munin in /etc/munin directory this includes the following files
[125001040240] |munin.conf munin-node.conf plugin-conf.d plugins templates
[125001040250] |This will install files for webserver root directory in /var/www/munin directory this includes the following files
[125001040260] |definitions.html index.html localdomain logo.png style.css
[125001040270] |<strong>Munin Configuration</strong>
[125001040280] |If you want to configure munin server you need to edit the /etc/munin/<strong>munin.conf</strong> file.The sample file looks like below.
[125001040290] |sudo vi /etc/munin/munin.conf
[125001040300] |<strong>-Start File-</strong>
[125001040310] |# Example configuration file for Munin, generated by ‘make build’
[125001040320] |# The next three variables specifies where the location of the RRD # databases, the HTML output, and the logs, severally.
[125001040330] |They all # must be writable by the user running munin-cron.
[125001040340] |dbdir /var/lib/munin htmldir /var/www/munin logdir /var/log/munin rundir /var/run/munin
[125001040350] |# Where to look for the HTML templates tmpldir /etc/munin/templates
[125001040360] |# Make graphs show values per minute instead of per second #graph_period minute
[125001040370] |# Drop somejuser@fnord.comm and anotheruser@blibb.comm an email everytime # something changes (OK -> WARNING, CRITICAL -> OK, etc) #contact.someuser.command mail -s “Munin notification” somejuser@fnord.comm #contact.anotheruser.command mail -s “Munin notification” anotheruser@blibb.comm # # For those with Nagios, the following might come in handy.
[125001040380] |In addition, # the services must be defined in the Nagios server as well. #contact.nagios.command /usr/sbin/send_nsca -H nagios.host.com -c /etc/send_nsca.cfg
[125001040390] |# a simple host tree [localhost.localdomain] address 127.0.0.1 use_node_name yes
[125001040400] |<strong>-End File -</strong>
[125001040410] |In this above sample config file we need to look maily these files
[125001040420] |dbdir /var/lib/munin htmldir /var/www/munin logdir /var/log/munin rundir /var/run/munin
[125001040430] |If you want to change any of the paths you need to change here.The one thing you might want to change is htmldir option where you can change for you clients name or any other name suitable for you
[125001040440] |<strong>Most Important</strong> thing is adding clients machines to munin.conf file for this you can see by default
[125001040450] |localhost.localdomain is added under a simple host tree that looks like this
[125001040460] |# a simple host tree [localhost.localdomain] address 127.0.0.1 use_node_name yes
[125001040470] |Now server side configuration ready.Now we are going see munin clients configuration
[125001040480] |<strong>Munin Clients Configuration in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001040490] |If you want to monitor any number of client machines using munin you need to install munin-node package in all your clients machines
[125001040500] |<strong>Installing munin Client in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001040510] |If you want to install munin client in your machine you need to enter the following command
[125001040520] |sudo apt-get install munin-node
[125001040530] |This will install munin node package and it will create a folder called /etc/munin.
[125001040540] |Munin-node File Structure
[125001040550] |this contains the following files
[125001040560] |munin-node.conf plugin-conf.d plugins
[125001040570] |munin-node.conf - Client Configuration File
[125001040580] |plugin-conf.d - Configuration of plugins for this node
[125001040590] |plugins - A directory in which each file is a symlink to a real plugin in /usr/share/munin/plugins
[125001040600] |<strong>Configuring Munin Node</strong>
[125001040610] |Now you need to configure the <strong>munin-node.conf</strong> file
[125001040620] |Configuration file looks like this and in this file i have entered some examples also
[125001040630] |<strong>- start file - </strong>
[125001040640] |# # Example config-file for munin-node #
[125001040650] |log_level 4 log_file /var/log/munin/munin-node.log port 4949 pid_file /var/run/munin/munin-node.pid background 1 setseid 1
[125001040660] |# Which port to bind to; host * user root group root setsid yes
[125001040670] |# Regexps for files to ignore
[125001040680] |ignore_file ~$ ignore_file \.bak$ ignore_file %$ ignore_file \.dpkg-(tmp|new|old|dist)$ ignore_file \.rpm(save|new)$
[125001040690] |# Set this if the client doesn’t report the correct hostname when # telnetting to localhost, port 4949 # #host_name localhost.localdomain
[125001040700] |host_name munintest.test.com
[125001040710] |# A list of addresses that are allowed to connect.
[125001040720] |This must be a # regular expression, due to brain damage in Net::Server, which # doesn’t understand CIDR-style network notation.
[125001040730] |You may repeat # the allow line as many times as you’d like
[125001040740] |allow ^127\.0\.0\.1$
[125001040750] |allow ^172\.30\.5\.132$
[125001040760] |In the above configuration file there are two important things you need to enter first one is under #host_name localhost.localdomain you need to add your client machine fully qualified name example
[125001040770] |#host_name localhost.localdomain
[125001040780] |host_name munintest.test.com
[125001040790] |Second one is you need to enter the server ipaddress by defauly you can see 127.0.0.1 in your config file under that
[125001040800] |you need to add your munin server ipaddress example as follows
[125001040810] |allow ^127\.0\.0\.1$
[125001040820] |allow ^172\.30\.5\.132$
[125001040830] |<strong>- End File -</strong>
[125001040840] |<strong>Adding Munin Plugins</strong>
[125001040850] |If you want to install munin plugins you need to check the available plugins from <a>here</a>
[125001040860] |Now you need to add plugins for for your client machine to monitor the required services for this edit the file located
[125001040870] |at /etc/munin/plugin-conf.d/munin-node sample file looks like below
[125001040880] |<strong>- Start File -</strong>
[125001040890] |# This file is used to configure how the plugins are invoked. # # user # Set the user to run the plugin as. # group # Set the group to run the plugin as. # command # Run instead of the plugin. %c expands to # what would normally be run. # env. # Sets in the plugin’s environment, see the # individual plugins to find out which variables they # care about.
[125001040900] |[apt] user root
[125001040910] |[cps*] user root
[125001040920] |[fw_conntrack] user root
[125001040930] |[hddtemp_smartctl] user root
[125001040940] |[if_*] user root
[125001040950] |[if_err_*] user nobody
[125001040960] |<strong>- End File -</strong>
[125001040970] |Now you need to add the user,group,command,env. and plugin name
[125001040980] |Now look in to plugins/ directory it is a directory in which each file is a symlink to a real plugin in /usr/share/munin/plugins.Any plugin linked in here will be checked for and displayed in the resulting web pages.Add the plugins you want (e.g. if running exim4 then I’d add postfix_queue and postfix_stats).You’ll need to set user/group rights in the munin-node conf file.
[125001040990] |Most plugins can be run from the command line with the autoconf param to check if they can run - e.g.
[125001041000] |./postfix_stats autoconf yes
[125001041010] |You can add any plugins you want to monitor and default plugins are located at /etc/munin/plugins directory
[125001041020] |Finally you need to restart your munin service for your client machine after configuring any plugins
[125001041030] |sudo /etc/init.d/munin-node restart
[125001041040] |That’s it from client side configuration
[125001041050] |<strong>Finally important step</strong> you need to do in your munin server config file that is located in your munin server machine
[125001041060] |/etc/munin/munin.conf
[125001041070] |You need to add all your client machines list under this
[125001041080] |# a simple host tree [localhost.localdomain] address 127.0.0.1 use_node_name yes
[125001041090] |example:-
[125001041100] |# a simple host tree [localhost.localdomain] address 127.0.0.1 use_node_name yes [munintest.test.com] - this is our test client we have mentioned earlier address 172.30.5.129 use_node_name yes
[125001041110] |After entering all the client machine details you need to the following command to take the effect of our new changes effect.
[125001041120] |sudo /usr/share/munin/munin-update --force-root
[125001041130] |<strong>Testing Your Munin Installation</strong>
[125001041140] |Now you need to go to http://your-server-ip/munin/ you should see the following screen if you have more no.of clients it should show those clients also <img/>
[125001041150] |Once you click on Localdomain (which means localhost) you should see the following screen with list of currently monitoring graphs <img/>
[125001041160] |If you want to see the graphs you need to wait for some time this is automaticalling done by munin.Munin sets up a cron job via the file /etc/cron.d/munin which will run /usr/bin/munin-cron.Running this file will poll each of the nodes - and then will create the graphs in /var/www/html
[125001041170] |Keeping an eye on these graphs will help you to keep your servers running healthily - and can give advance warning of problems to come.
[125001041180] |If you want to protect munin output directory (default /var/www/munin) you can use htaccess file for this and give access only for required users
[125001041190] |<strong>Troubleshooting Munin</strong>
[125001041200] |If you have any problems you need to check the log files of munin located at /var/log/munin directory
[125001041210] |On <strong>server side</strong> Important log files are
[125001041220] |munin-node.log - should show the connections that are occuring.
[125001041230] |munin-graph.log - should show info on the services being graphed.
[125001041240] |munin-html.log - should show info on the html being generated.
[125001041250] |On<strong> Client side</strong> important log files are
[125001041260] |munin-node.log - should show the connections that are occuring
[125001041270] |<strong>Munin Sample Graphs</strong>
[125001041280] |Here is the some of the sample Graphs i have got from my server machine these graphs are for one day it will show by weekly,by monthly and by Yearly Graphs also
[125001041290] |<strong>CPU Usage - By Day</strong>
[125001041300] |<strong>Load Average - By Day </strong>
[125001041310] |<strong>Memory Usage - By Day</strong>
[125001041320] |<strong>No.Of Processes Running - By Day</strong>
[125001050010] |<title>Request Tracker(RT) ticketing system for your Support Group</title>
[125001050020] |RT is an enterprise-grade ticketing system which enables a group of people to intelligently and efficiently manage tasks, issues, and requests submitted by a community of users.
[125001050030] |<strong>Request Tracker Features</strong>
[125001050040] |RT is your organization’s focal point for tracking tasks, issues, knowledge, and collaboration.
[125001050050] |It’s easy to submit, assign, prioritize, search, escalate, and report on issues.
[125001050060] |RT keeps track of each ticket’s full history and metadata to help your organization better retain knowledge and analyze trends.
[125001050070] |RT can track multiple projects for multiple teams within a single installation.
[125001050080] |RT tracks critical system metadata, including time spent per action, due dates, and estimated time to completion.
[125001050090] |It’s easy to record private comments that are not available to end-users.
[125001050100] |RT’s web interface comes complete with an intuitive “iterative” search interface that allows end users to construct
[125001050110] |complex queries by pointing and clicking within their web browsers.
[125001050120] |Users can save and edit queries later, using their browser’s “bookmarks” feature.
[125001050130] |<strong>Install Request Tracker in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001050140] |First you need to make sure you have enabled Universe Source list in /etc/apt/sources.list file
[125001050150] |Now you need to install the following packages
[125001050160] |sudo apt-get install request-tracker3.4 rt3.4-apache2 rt3.4-clients apache2-doc postfix postgresql postgresql-doc-7.4 lynx
[125001050170] |This will start the installation it also installs the Additional services required for Request-Tracker, such as Apache2
[125001050180] |- Web Server, Postfix - Email Server (for sending emails),  PostgreSql-7.4 - Database to Store the RT information.
[125001050190] |At the time of installation it will prompt for your postfix configuration.In the “Postfix Configuration”: I choose “Internet Site”, because I preffer to have the system send emails without being dependant on a different mail server.The logic behind that is because if the email Server goes down, the Ticket-Server should not follow.
[125001050200] |Postfix is now set up with a default configuration.
[125001050210] |If you need to make changes, edit /etc/postfix/main.cf as needed.After modifying main.cf you need to reload the postfix using the following command.
[125001050220] |sudo /etc/init.d/postfix reload
[125001050230] |You will also see this: Configuring postgresql-common
[125001050240] |Obsolete major version 7.4
[125001050250] |The PostgreSQL version 7.4 is obsolete, but you still have the server and/or client package installed.
[125001050260] |Please install the latest packages (postgresql-8.1 and postgresql-client-8.1) and upgrade your existing clusters with pg_upgradecluster (see manpage).
[125001050270] |Please be aware that the installation of postgresql………………
[125001050280] |The old server and client………………
[125001050290] |just click OK, as RT3.4 is certified with 7.4.
[125001050300] |<strong>Configuring Request Tracker</strong>
[125001050310] |Request Tracker configuration file located at /etc/request-tracker3.4/RT_SiteConfig.pm
[125001050320] |You need to take backup before doing any changes to your config file using the following command
[125001050330] |sudo cp /etc/request-tracker3.4/RT_SiteConfig.pm /etc/request-tracker3.4/RT_SiteConfig.pm.orig
[125001050340] |Edit the configuration file using the following command
[125001050350] |sudo vim /etc/request-tracker3.4/RT_SiteConfig.pm
[125001050360] |Customize using the directions in the file and add this to the end of the file but before the “1;” …
[125001050370] |Set($DatabaseHost , ‘localhost’); Set($DatabaseRTHost , ‘localhost’);
[125001050380] |If you want to see the sample configuration file check <a>here</a>
[125001050390] |<strong>Create the user for the RT database</strong>
[125001050400] |Enter the following commands
[125001050410] |sudo su postgres
[125001050420] |psql -d template1
[125001050430] |CREATE USER rtuser WITH PASSWORD ‘wibble’ CREATEDB NOCREATEUSER; \q
[125001050440] |exit
[125001050450] |<strong>Setup Postgresql permissions</strong>
[125001050460] |You need to take backup of postgresql config file using the following command
[125001050470] |sudo cp /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/pg_hba.conf /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/pg_hba.conf.orig
[125001050480] |Edit the file using the following command
[125001050490] |sudo vi /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/pg_hba.conf
[125001050500] |at the bottom of the file along with the other similar lines - but above existing entries.
[125001050510] |###according to install.debian for request-tracker host template1 rtuser 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 password local template1 rtuser password host rtdb rtuser 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 password local rtdb rtuser password
[125001050520] |save and exit the file
[125001050530] |Now you need to do the following change
[125001050540] |You need to take backup of postgresql config file using the following command
[125001050550] |sudo cp /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/postgresql.conf /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/postgresql.conf.orig
[125001050560] |Edit the file using the following command
[125001050570] |sudo vi /etc/postgresql/7.4/main/postgresql.conf
[125001050580] |change
[125001050590] |#tcpip_socket = false
[125001050600] |to
[125001050610] |tcpip_socket = true
[125001050620] |save and exit the file
[125001050630] |Now you need to restart the postgresql database using the following command
[125001050640] |sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql-7.4 restart
[125001050650] |<strong>Create RT DataBase</strong>
[125001050660] |Now you need to create RT Database using the following command
[125001050670] |sudo /usr/sbin/rt-setup-database-3.4 --action init --dba rtuser --prompt-for-dba-password
[125001050680] |#enter password at the prompt, we set it to wibble in the example above
[125001050690] |<strong>Configuring Apache</strong>
[125001050700] |You need to take backup of apache config file using the following command
[125001050710] |sudo cp /etc/apache2/sites-available/default /etc/apache2/sites-available/default.orig
[125001050720] |Edit the configuration file
[125001050730] |sudo vi /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
[125001050740] |Add the following line to the VirtualHost section of Apache from which you wish to serve RT
[125001050750] |Include “/etc/request-tracker3.4/apache2-modperl2.conf”
[125001050760] |save and exit the file
[125001050770] |If you want to see the sample apache config file check <a>here</a>
[125001050780] |Enable Apache2 RewriteEngine
[125001050790] |sudo cd /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/
[125001050800] |sudo ln -s ../mods-available/rewrite.load .
[125001050810] |Restart Apache web server using the following command
[125001050820] |sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 force-reload
[125001050830] |<strong>Testing Web Interface </strong>
[125001050840] |Now you need to point your browser to http://yourserverip/rt/
[125001050850] |You should see similar to the following screen
[125001050860] |In the above screen promted for username and password use
[125001050870] |Username :- root
[125001050880] |Password :- password
[125001050890] |Once you logged in you should see the following screen
[125001050900] |First thing you need to change the password via the Configuration menu
[125001050910] |If you want more documentation about how to use RT check <a>here</a>
[125001050920] |I have tested this in Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft) and it was working fine without any problem.
[125001060010] |<title>Install VLC Media Player in Ubuntu</title>
[125001060020] |The VLC media player is an open source media player, distributed under the GNU General Public License.
[125001060030] |It is a highly portable multimedia player that supports many audio and video codecs and file formats as well as DVDs, VCDs and various streaming protocols.
[125001060040] |It is able to stream over networks and to transcode multimedia files and save them into various different formats.
[125001060050] |It is one of the most platform-independent players available, with versions for Linux, Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, BeOS, BSD, Windows CE, and Solaris.
[125001060060] |<strong>Install VLC Media player in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001060070] |You need to make sure that you have a “universe” mirror in your /etc/apt/sources.list
[125001060080] |sudo apt-get update
[125001060090] |sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-esd
[125001060100] |This will complete the installation
[125001060110] |If you want to open VLC You need to go to Applications--->Sound Video--->VLC Media Player
[125001060120] |Once it open you should see the following screen
[125001060130] |VLC Media Player Version Details
[125001060140] |VLC Media Player Skins 2 interface
[125001060150] |<strong>VLC Media Player Skins</strong>
[125001060160] |If you want to download VLC Media Player Skins check <a>here</a>
[125001060170] |<strong>Install VLC Plugin for Mozilla Firefox</strong>
[125001060180] |sudo apt-get install mozilla-plugin-vlc
[125001070010] |<title>Ubuntu Edgy Upgrade Common Problems With solutions</title>
[125001070020] |We have already discussed how to upgrade ubuntu dapper to edgyeft and some people are complaing after upgrade they had problems related to x server and update problems.I have collected some of the common problems and their solutions from <a>ubuntu forums</a>.
[125001070030] |I hope this collection will help for some users to fix their upgrade problems.
[125001070040] |<strong>After upgrading if you see the following error</strong>
[125001070050] |Booting ‘ubuntu, kernel 2.5.17-10-386′ root(hd0,0)
[125001070060] |Filesystem type unkown, partition type 0×7 kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.17-10-386 root=/dev/evmu/sda3 ro quiet splash
[125001070070] |Error 17: Cannot mount selected partition
[125001070080] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070090] |To fix that, press ‘e’ to enter Edit mode at the time of booting your grub bootloader, and then press ‘e’ on the first line
[125001070100] |(the (hd0,0) one) to edit that.
[125001070110] |Change the last 0 to a 2, so it reads: (hd0,2).
[125001070120] |Then, press ‘b’ to boot.It’s assuming that
[125001070130] |Ubuntu is installed on the very first partition, and sets the root to that… (hd0,0) means the first partition of the first
[125001070140] |drive, and (hd0,2) means the third partition.
[125001070150] |<strong>X Server Error for Nvidia and ATI errors</strong>
[125001070160] |x.org log file, typically found in /var/log/Xorg.0.log, may turn up error messages such as:
[125001070170] |(II) Primary Device is: PCI 01:00:0 (II) ATI: Candidate “Device” section “ATI Technologies, Inc. R480 [Radeon X850$] (WW) ATI: PCI Mach64 in slot 1:0:0 could not be detected!
[125001070180] |(WW) ATI: PCI Mach64 in slot 1:0:1 could not be detected!
[125001070190] |(EE) No devices detected.
[125001070200] |Fatal server error: no screens found
[125001070210] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070220] |sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati
[125001070230] |<strong>Xserver-xorg not installed after Dapper to Edgy upgrade </strong>
[125001070240] |After upgrading when you restart the computer your X server not coming back up after reboot
[125001070250] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070260] |Run the following command to reinstall xserver
[125001070270] |sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg
[125001070280] |or
[125001070290] |sudo apt-get install --reinstall xserver-xorg
[125001070300] |and then restart your machine using the following command
[125001070310] |sudo shutdown -r now
[125001070320] |<strong>Reboot the system, after which only a command prompt appears, and X does not load after typing startx or startkde at the commandline, or rebooting</strong>
[125001070330] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070340] |From command prompt, run the command
[125001070350] |apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
[125001070360] |<strong>perl locale warnings upgrading to Edgy </strong>
[125001070370] |the upgrade process is throwing up an awful lot of the errors below:
[125001070380] |perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: LANGUAGE = “en_GB:en”, LC_ALL = (unset), LANG = “en_GB.UTF-8″ are supported and installed on your system. perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale (“C”).
[125001070390] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070400] |Most of the people found that they was no effect with this error.
[125001070410] |Perl warnings didn’t seem to trigger a reaction.
[125001070420] |<strong>text and splash doesn’t after upgrade to edgy</strong>
[125001070430] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070440] |Open your GRUB configuration file using the following command
[125001070450] |sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
[125001070460] |and try to change the values recommended <a>here</a>
[125001070470] |<strong>no text status messages in ubuntu edgy 6.10 splash screen </strong>
[125001070480] |After upgrading from ubuntu 6.06 to ubuntu 6.10, usplash stopped working, Ubuntu started displaying a blank screen during startup and shutdown.
[125001070490] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070500] |Edgy disabled the status messages in Usplash, but you can get them back easily using the following commands.
[125001070510] |First, open your menu.lst
[125001070520] |gksudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst
[125001070530] |Now you remove any mention of “quiet” from the file.
[125001070540] |You should get the messages again next time you boot.
[125001070550] |<strong>upgrade from dapper to edgy broken 3d acceleration </strong>
[125001070560] |When you run glxgears you get under 300 (It used to average about 1500 before) fps proceeded by the message
[125001070570] |Xlib: extension “XFree86-DRI” missing on display “:0.0″.
[125001070580] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070590] |Open your xorg.conf file add the following lines and save the file
[125001070600] |Section “Extensions” Option “Composite” “Disable” EndSection
[125001070610] |<strong>Generic kernel don’t boot </strong>
[125001070620] |generic kernel failed to boot by booting my i386 kernel and type
[125001070630] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070640] |Run the following commands
[125001070650] |sudo mkinitramfs -o /boot/initrd.img-2.6.17-10-generic 2.6.17-10-generic
[125001070660] |sudo update-grub
[125001070670] |sudo aptitude reinstall linux-restricted-modules-2.6.17-10-generic
[125001070680] |<strong>Flash plugin causes firefox crash</strong>
[125001070690] |Flash caused Firefox to crash on new Edgy install
[125001070700] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070710] |Open the /etc/firefox/firefoxrc file
[125001070720] |sudo /etc/firefox/firefoxrc
[125001070730] |add the following line and save the file
[125001070740] |export XLIB_SKIP_ARGB_VISUALS=1
[125001070750] |or
[125001070760] |Comment out the composite section in x.org
[125001070770] |or
[125001070780] |Change your color depth to 24 bit, if you haven’t already
[125001070790] |<strong>ATI Driver didn’t upgrade Dapper to Edgy</strong>
[125001070800] |If you are getting following error
[125001070810] |(EE) module ABI major version (0) doesn’t match server’s version (1)
[125001070820] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070830] |First you need to remove the ATI drivers using the following command
[125001070840] |sudo apt-get remove xserver-xorg-driver-ati
[125001070850] |Install ATI Drivers using the following command
[125001070860] |sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati
[125001070870] |<strong>Upgrade Dapper to Edgy nvidia GLX problem </strong>
[125001070880] |After the upgrade OpenGL apps stopped working, nvidia-settings says The OpenGL extension ‘GLX’ is not supported by the X server or there was a problem retrieving GLX information from the X server.
[125001070890] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001070900] |sudo vi /etc/X11/xorg.conf
[125001070910] |go to the end of the file and add this
[125001070920] |Section “Extensions” Option “Composite” “Disable” EndSection
[125001070930] |then save the file and exit
[125001070940] |Now you need to reboot using the following command
[125001070950] |sudo reboot
[125001070960] |<strong>Ubuntu Dapper to edgy update error</strong>
[125001070970] |If you try to run the update manager if you receive following error
[125001070980] |gksudo update-manager
[125001070990] |warnings.warn(“apt API not stable yet”, FutureWarning) /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/UpdateManager/MetaRelease.py:171: DeprecationWarning: Class MetaRelease is already
[125001071000] |GObject-registered; Please note that classes containing any of the attributes __gtype_name__, __gproperties__, or __gsignals__ are now automatically registered. gobject.type_register(MetaRelease) extracting ‘/tmp/tmpw5fQ_q/dapper.tar.gz’ authenticate ‘/tmp/tmpw5fQ_q/dapper.tar.gz’ against ‘/tmp/tmpw5fQ_q/dapper.tar.gz.gpg’ /usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/apt/__init__.py:17: FutureWarning: apt API not stable yet warnings.warn(“apt API not stable yet”, FutureWarning) can’t find DistUpgrade ViewGtk
[125001071010] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001071020] |Install this python component
[125001071030] |apt-get install python-vte
[125001071040] |<strong>Update Kubuntu Dapper to Edgy: Touchpad stopped working properly </strong>
[125001071050] |Dapper to Edgy, but after login I’m not able to use my touchpad properly anymore.
[125001071060] |Sometimes the mouse moves right and sometimes it doesn’t move at all.
[125001071070] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001071080] |Install ati drivers
[125001071090] |apt-get install xserver-xorg-video-ati
[125001071100] |<strong>Gnomesword libsword5c2a dependency error</strong>
[125001071110] |gnomesword Depends: libsword5c2a (>=1.5.8-7) but it is not installable
[125001071120] |<strong>Solution</strong>
[125001071130] |Install libsword5c2a version 1.5.8-8+bg2 from <a>here</a>
[125001071140] |If You came across any other problems when you upgrade ubuntu edgy you can post here with your error messages and their solutions.
[125001080010] |<title>Select Preferred Applications in Ubuntu</title>
[125001080020] |If you want to select your preferred applications for Web browser,Mail reader and terminal emulator you can select very easily from gnome preferred application option.
[125001080030] |For this you need to go to System--->Preferences--->Preferred Applications you can see this in the folloqing screen
[125001080040] |Once it opens the window you should see the following screen here you can select web browser and mail reader applications this is very helpful if you have 2 or 3 application which does the same job and you want to use one of your favourite application as preferred application.
[125001080050] |If you click on system tab you can select terminal emulator
[125001090010] |<title>Galternatives - Graphical setup tool for Alternatives Configuration in Ubuntu</title>
[125001090020] |There are several programs fulfilling the same or similar functions to be installed on a single system at the same time.
[125001090030] |For example, many systems have several text editors or different web browsers installed,Multimedia players,graphics editors at once.
[125001090040] |galternatives is graphical setup tool for the alternatives system.A GUI to help the system administrator to choose what program should provide a given service.
[125001090050] |The /etc/alternatives defines default applications for Unix/Linux system this includes the default application to handle web browser,splash etc..
[125001090060] |<strong>Install Galternatives in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001090070] |If you want to install<strong> </strong>galternatives you need to enter the following command
[125001090080] |sudo apt-get install galternatives
[125001090090] |This will complete the installation.Now if you want to open this application you need to run the following command
[125001090100] |gksudo galternatives
[125001090110] |You should see the following screen here you can choose which applications you want to use default
[125001090120] |Galternatives version details
[125001100010] |<title>How to install Gaim 2.0.0beta6 Instant Messanger in Ubuntu Edgy</title>
[125001100020] |Gaim is a multi-protocol instant messaging (IM) client for Linux, BSD, MacOS X, and Windows.
[125001100030] |It is compatible with AIM and ICQ (Oscar protocol), MSN Messenger, Yahoo!, IRC, Jabber, Gadu-Gadu, SILC, Novell GroupWise Messenger, Lotus Sametime, and Zephyr networks.
[125001100040] |<strong>Preparing Your System</strong>
[125001100050] |First you need to uninstall existing gaim version from your system using the following command in your terminal
[125001100060] |sudo apt-get remove gaim
[125001100070] |Now you need to download the Gaim 2.0.0beta6 .deb packages from <a>here</a>
[125001100080] |wget http://download.ubuntu.pl/_Edgy_Eft/gaim/2.0.0-beta-6/gaim2_2.0.0beta6-1_i386.deb
[125001100090] |Now you have gaim2_2.0.0beta6-1_i386.deb package you need to install this using the following command
[125001100100] |sudo dpkg -i gaim2_2.0.0beta6-1_i386.deb
[125001100110] |This will complete the installation.If you want to open gaim go to Applications--->Internet--->Gaim Instant Messanger
[125001100120] |Once it opens you should see similar to the following screen here you need to click on add
[125001100130] |Now you need to add your username and password and click on save
[125001100140] |Gaim Version Details
[125001110010] |<title>NZB, PAR and UNRAR all-in-one Using Hellanzb</title>
[125001110020] |hellanzb is a Python application designed for *nix environments that retrieves nzb files and fully processes them.
[125001110030] |The goal being to make getting files from Usenet (e.g.: Giganews Newsgroups) as hands-free as possible.
[125001110040] |Once fully installed, all thats required is moving an nzb file to the queue directory.
[125001110050] |The rest; fetching, par-checking, un-raring, etc. is taken care of by hellanzb.
[125001110060] |<strong>Prerequisites</strong>
[125001110070] |twisted
[125001110080] |You will want the command line (CLI) versions of the following
[125001110090] |rar (or unrar) - rar extraction tool
[125001110100] |par2cmdline - par/par2 Parity checker
[125001110110] |Optional
[125001110120] |mac -- Monkey Audio decoding
[125001110130] |flac -- Free Lossless Audio Codec decoding
[125001110140] |<strong>Install Hellanzb in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001110150] |<strong>Preparing Your System</strong>
[125001110160] |Open a terminal
[125001110170] |Install the following packages
[125001110180] |sudo apt-get install python-dev python-twisted unrar par2
[125001110190] |Now you need to Download the latest version of Hellanzb from <a>here</a>
[125001110200] |wget http://www.hellanzb.com/distfiles/hellanzb-0.11.tar.gz
[125001110210] |Unpack this using the following command
[125001110220] |sudo tar -xzvf hellanzb-0.11.tar.gz
[125001110230] |Change the directory with the following command
[125001110240] |cd hellanzb-0.11
[125001110250] |Run the install script using the following command
[125001110260] |python setup.py install
[125001110270] |Copy the sample configuration file using the following commnd
[125001110280] |sudo cp /usr/etc/hellanzb.conf.sample /usr/etc/hellanzb.conf
[125001110290] |<strong>Configure Hellanzb settings</strong>
[125001110300] |sudo vi /usr/etc/hellanzb.conf.sample
[125001110310] |Look for defineServer and change the account settings to your usenet account settings.Change the PREFIX dir to:
[125001110320] |/home/your-user-name/
[125001110330] |You can change the other directories to your preference but it is not needed.
[125001110340] |There are also a lot of other options in the config file, change if needed.
[125001110350] |If you want to Run the program use the following command
[125001110360] |hellanzb.py
[125001110370] |Download a NZB file and place it in
[125001110380] |/home/your-user-dir/nzb/daemon.queue/
[125001110390] |or whatever directory you choose in the config file.
[125001110400] |Finished files will be in
[125001110410] |/home/your-user-dir/usenet/
[125001110420] |<strong>Web Interface for hellanzb</strong>
[125001110430] |<strong>hellahella</strong>
[125001110440] |The hellahella web interface is written using a new Python framework called Pylons.
[125001110450] |A official release of hellahella is not currently available, however the development version is quite stable and is being used extensively on a variety of platforms.
[125001110460] |Download and install from <a>here</a>
[125001110470] |<strong>Zussaweb </strong>
[125001110480] |Zussaweb is a php based web interface for the hellanzb program.
[125001110490] |Hellanzb is a fully automated console based usenet binary file retriever.
[125001110500] |Zussaweb functions as the web interface, featuring queue manipulation, status messages, nzb file uploads and more.
[125001110510] |Download and install Zussaweb from <a>here</a>
[125001120010] |<title>Send and Receive Your Hotmail messages through Evolution</title>
[125001120020] |If you want to use you Evolution mail client to send and receive your hotmail messages use the following procedure.
[125001120030] |First, make sure your system is up to date.
[125001120040] |Open up a terminal and type
[125001120050] |sudo apt-get update
[125001120060] |First You need to install the inet daemon
[125001120070] |sudo apt-get install inetutils-inetd
[125001120080] |This takes care of all of our dependencies.
[125001120090] |Next You need to install pop3 server and hotsmtp
[125001120100] |sudo apt-get install hotway hotsmtp
[125001120110] |This will install hotway, which allows you to read hotmail e-mails by simulating a POP3 server, and hotsmtp, which allows you to send e-mail through hotmail using SMTP.
[125001120120] |By default, however, only hotway gets installed properly to your inet daemon, so let’s fix this.
[125001120130] |sudo gedit /etc/inetd.conf
[125001120140] |Look for the following line
[125001120150] |pop3 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotwayd
[125001120160] |By default, hotway leaves a copy of each message it downloads on the server but if you don’t feel like filling up your hotmail box, change the line to add “-r” to the end, complete line looks like below
[125001120170] |pop3 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotwayd -r
[125001120180] |And we also need to add a line to get hotsmtpd working, just paste the following line at the bottom of the file
[125001120190] |2500 stream tcp nowait nobody /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/bin/hotsmtpd
[125001120200] |This will set the inet daemon to listen to incoming calls on port 2500, and forward the connection to the hotsmtp daemon.
[125001120210] |Now, save your file, exit gedit, and restart your inetd server using the following command
[125001120220] |sudo /etc/init.d/inetutils-inetd restart
[125001120230] |If everything is working properly, you’ll see the following pop up on your screen
[125001120240] |* Restarting internet superserver inetd [ ok ]
[125001120250] |Now, close out of your terminal and start up Evolution.
[125001120260] |It may pop up the first-time use wizard, you can use that if you like.
[125001120270] |Or, you may have to go to Edit->Preferences and hit the Mail Accounts button on the left.
[125001120280] |However you choose to do it, here’s your information:
[125001120290] |Email Address: xxx@hotmail.com (fill in your normal e-mail address that you use to login to hotmail)
[125001120300] |Receive Server type: POP Server: 127.0.0.1 Username: xxx@hotmail.com (same as above) Security: No encryption Authentication type: Password (Remember password checkbox is up to you)
[125001120310] |Send Server type: SMTP Server: 127.0.0.1:2500 [X] Server requires authentication (check this box) Use Secure Connection: No encryption Authentication Type: PLAIN Username: xxx@hotmail.com (same as above) (Optional Remember password checkbox)
[125001120320] |<strong>Important Update</strong>
[125001120330] |Re: HOWTO: Send and Receive Hotmail through Evolution Installation of hotwayd as described in the first post is no longer needed.
[125001120340] |It is mentioned earlier in this thread, but that info gets snowed under because every time new posts are added…
[125001120350] |Since some time now, you can use the following settings just like any regular POP account:
[125001120360] |<strong>Code:</strong>
[125001120370] |Incoming server: pop3.live.com Username: your_username @hotmail.com Use secure connection: SSL Authentication type: password
[125001120380] |Outgoing server: smtp.live.com Server requires authentication: yes Security: SSL Authentication type: plain
[125001120390] |With these settings, you should be able to get is working without going through the hotway daemon (on 127.0.0.1) …
[125001130010] |<title>Manage your Photo Albums with Picasa in Ubuntu</title>
[125001130020] |Picasa is software that helps you instantly find, edit and share all the pictures on your PC.
[125001130030] |Every time you open Picasa, it automatically locates all your pictures (even ones you forgot you had) and sorts them into visual albums organized by date with folder names you will recognize.
[125001130040] |Picasa also makes advanced editing simple by putting one-click fixes and powerful effects at your fingertips.
[125001130050] |First you need to download picasa for linux from <a>here</a>
[125001130060] |sudo wget http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/pool/non-free/p/picasa/picasa_2.2.2820-5_i386.deb
[125001130070] |now we have a picasa .deb package
[125001130080] |Install .deb package
[125001130090] |sudo dpkg -i picasa_2.2.2820-5_i386.deb
[125001130100] |this will complete the installation
[125001130110] |Now you need to open picasa from Applications--->Graphics--->Picasa
[125001130120] |First time it will prompt for license click on i agree
[125001130130] |This will open the window asking for complete scan or only desktop select your option and continue
[125001130140] |It will find all the available images in your system you can see this in the following screen
[125001140010] |<title>Decorate Your Mplayer with Mplayer Skins</title>
[125001140020] |We have already <a>disscussed</a> how to install mplayer in ubuntu dapper and edgy.One more important about the mplayer is you can change the mplayer skin which one you like from the available list in mplayer website.Now we will see how to install new skins in Mplayer.
[125001140030] |First you need to download the Mplayer skins from <a>here</a>
[125001140040] |In this example i am downloading proton skin
[125001140050] |sudo wget -c http://www1.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/skins/proton-1.2.tar.bz2
[125001140060] |Now we have to unpack this using the following command
[125001140070] |sudo tar xvf proton-1.2.tar.bz2
[125001140080] |Now we have a proton directory you need to copy this under /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/
[125001140090] |sudo mv proton /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/
[125001140100] |or
[125001140110] |sudo mv proton ~/.mplayer/skins/
[125001140120] |Chech which one is suitable for you
[125001140130] |MPlayer will use the skin in the subdirectory named default of /usr/local/share/mplayer/skins/ or ~/.mplayer/skins/.
[125001140140] |Now you need to open Mplayer from Applications--->Sound video--->Mplayer Movie Player this will open the mplayer now you need to Right click on the Mplayer screen to pop up the menu you should see the following screen in this click on “Skin Browser”
[125001140150] |You should see the following screen with the new skin with the name proton which we have copied before select this and click on ok
[125001140160] |Proton Mplayer Skin in Action
[125001140170] |This is one example the same way you can download which one you like and install in to in your mplayer enjoy your mplayer.
[125001150010] |<title>How to play Wmv9 files on AMD64 Ubuntu</title>
[125001150020] |Playing back wmv9 files on AMD64 is tricky.
[125001150030] |On i386 you can use mplayer with the win32 codecs, or the experimental vc-1 codec.
[125001150040] |However, using AMD64, things get a bit more difficult.
[125001150050] |It is possible to use the 32bit mplayer package, but it requires that all the libraries that it depends on are also 32bit.
[125001150060] |<strong>Install all ia32-libs packages </strong>
[125001150070] |sudo apt-get install ia32-libs lib32asound2 lib32ncurses5 ia32-libs-sdl ia32-libs-gtk lib32stdc++6 ia32-libs-openoffice.org2.
[125001150080] |<strong>Download the package </strong>
[125001150090] |<strong>Dapper Users</strong>
[125001150100] |http://folk.ntnu.no/grannas/debs/mplayer32_1.0pre7-1_amd64.deb
[125001150110] |<strong>Edgy Users</strong>
[125001150120] |http://folk.ntnu.no/grannas/debs/mplayer32_20070130-1_amd64.deb
[125001150130] |Install the package Using the following commands
[125001150140] |<strong>Dapper Users </strong>
[125001150150] |sudo dpkg -i mplayer32_1.0pre7-1_amd64.deb
[125001150160] |<strong>Edgy Users </strong>
[125001150170] |sudo dpkg -i mplayer32_20070130-1_amd64.deb
[125001150180] |Fetch the Win32 codecs from http://www.people.virginia.edu/~drf8f/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-20060501.tar.bz2
[125001150190] |Unpack it and install to /usr/lib/win32.
[125001150200] |tar -jxvf essential-20060501.tar.bz2
[125001150210] |sudo mkdir /usr/lib/win32
[125001150220] |sudo cp essential-20060501/* /usr/lib/win32/
[125001150230] |Use mplayer32 to play wmv9 files (but it can also be used for other files as well )
[125001150240] |If you want a 32 bit mencoder as well, you can download it from here
[125001150250] |http://www.stud.ntnu.no/~grannas/debs/mencoder32 and put it into /usr/bin/ .
[125001150260] |If you want to use the gmplayer gui, rather than the command-line do the following:
[125001150270] |sudo rm /usr/bin/gmplayer sudo ln -s /usr/bin/mplayer32 /usr/bin/gmplayer
[125001150280] |This operation has to be done manually as the gmplayer file is “owned” by the original mplayer package.
[125001160010] |<title>How to Install PPTP GUI (To connect windows VPN) in Ubuntu</title>
[125001160020] |PPTP Client is a Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD client for the proprietary Microsoft Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol, PPTP.
[125001160030] |Allows connection to a PPTP based Virtual Private Network (VPN) as used by employers and some cable and ADSL internet service providers.
[125001160040] |<strong>Install PPTP GUI in Ubuntu</strong>
[125001160050] |You need to edit your source list file for this Open up a terminal and type the following command
[125001160060] |sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
[125001160070] |Add the following line save the file and exit
[125001160080] |deb http://quozl.netrek.org/pptp/pptpconfig ./
[125001160090] |Update the sourcelist
[125001160100] |sudo apt-get update
[125001160110] |Install pptpconfig
[125001160120] |sudo sudo apt-get install pptpconfig
[125001160130] |Restart gnmone panel
[125001160140] |killall gnome-panel
[125001160150] |If you want to open the application go to Applications--->Internet or you can use the command line to open GUI
[125001160160] |gksudo pptpconfig